feat(boto3): Add response, retry, and error span attributes

[pabloDeputter]

Description

Add generic response, retry, and error attribute enrichment to boto3 spans. Previously, only recorded request and client metadata was instrumented; information after the call such as HTTP status, retry count, etc was omitted. The new attributes follow the OTel AWS SDK conventions.

Changes

• add SPANDATA consts: AWS_REQUEST_ID, AWS_EXTENDED_REQUEST_ID, HTTP_REQUEST_RESEND_COUNT, and ERROR_TYPE.
• add _get_response_attributes() to extract http.response_status_code, http.request_resend_count, aws.request_id, and aws.extended_request_id.
• Add erorr.type from ClientError.Eror.Code or the exception class, without recording error messages.

Issues

Resolves #7476

[github-actions]

Codecov Results 📊

✅ 130488 passed | ⏭️ 7171 skipped | Total: 137659 | Pass Rate: 94.79% | Execution Time: 434m 57s

📊 Comparison with Base Branch

Metric	Change
Total Tests	📉 -47
Passed Tests	📉 -96
Failed Tests	—
Skipped Tests	📈 +49

All tests are passing successfully.

✅ Patch coverage is 100.00%. Project has 2548 uncovered lines.
✅ Project coverage is 90.3%. Comparing base (3d95ef4) to head (8f65118).

Files with missing lines (1)

File	Patch %	Lines
sentry_sdk/integrations/boto3/_instrumentation.py	100.00%	⚠️ 1 partials

Coverage diff

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##        master       #PR       +/-##
==========================================
+ Coverage    90.19%    90.30%    +0.11%
==========================================
  Files          194       198        +4
  Lines        25997     26269      +272
  Branches      9662      9738       +76
==========================================
+ Hits         23448     23721      +273
- Misses        2549      2548        -1
- Partials      1450      1457        +7

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Cursor Bugbot has reviewed your changes and found 1 potential issue.

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