diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a6bd32c9e3b..dda091cc0b5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 ### Fixes
 
 - Measure Session Replay's 1h recording cap and its touch-move debounce on a monotonic clock, so a device time change no longer stops a healthy recording early, keeps a finished one alive, or suppresses gesture events ([#6090](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/6090))
+- Session Replay: Use a software canvas for video encoding on the Android Emulator to avoid a native crash in `eglDestroySurface` ([#6282](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/6282))
 
 ## 8.61.0
 
diff --git a/sentry-android-replay/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoder.kt b/sentry-android-replay/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoder.kt
index dd9af1c24d6..b1e3cd20513 100644
--- a/sentry-android-replay/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoder.kt
+++ b/sentry-android-replay/src/main/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoder.kt
@@ -177,25 +177,8 @@ internal class SimpleVideoEncoder(
   }
 
   fun encode(image: Bitmap) {
-    /**
-     * it seems that Xiaomi devices have problems with hardware canvas, so we have to use lockCanvas
-     * instead https://stackoverflow.com/a/73520742
-     * ---
-     * Same for Motorola devices.
-     * ---
-     * As for the Spreadtrum/Unisoc chipset, it can be spread across various devices, so we have to
-     * check the SOC_MANUFACTURER property, as the manufacturer name might have changed.
-     * https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-android-gradle-plugin/issues/861#issuecomment-2867021256
-     */
     val canvas =
-      if (
-        Build.MANUFACTURER.contains("xiaomi", ignoreCase = true) ||
-          Build.MANUFACTURER.contains("motorola", ignoreCase = true) ||
-          SystemProperties.get(SystemProperties.Property.SOC_MANUFACTURER)
-            .equals("spreadtrum", ignoreCase = true) ||
-          SystemProperties.get(SystemProperties.Property.SOC_MANUFACTURER)
-            .equals("unisoc", ignoreCase = true)
-      ) {
+      if (shouldUseSoftwareCanvas()) {
         surface?.lockCanvas(null)
       } else {
         surface?.lockHardwareCanvas()
@@ -338,6 +321,34 @@ internal class SimpleVideoEncoder(
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Whether frames should be drawn onto the encoder's input surface with a software canvas
+ * ([Surface.lockCanvas]) instead of a hardware one ([Surface.lockHardwareCanvas]).
+ *
+ * It seems that Xiaomi devices have problems with hardware canvas, so we have to use lockCanvas
+ * instead https://stackoverflow.com/a/73520742
+ * ---
+ * Same for Motorola devices.
+ * ---
+ * As for the Spreadtrum/Unisoc chipset, it can be spread across various devices, so we have to
+ * check the SOC_MANUFACTURER property, as the manufacturer name might have changed.
+ * https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-android-gradle-plugin/issues/861#issuecomment-2867021256
+ * ---
+ * On the Android Emulator (goldfish/ranchu), a hardware canvas makes hwui own an EGL window surface
+ * on the input surface. The emulator's EGL driver keeps a dequeued buffer on it and cancels that
+ * buffer when the surface is destroyed, which can crash natively in eglDestroySurface once the
+ * encoder has been torn down. https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/issues/6279
+ */
+internal fun shouldUseSoftwareCanvas(): Boolean =
+  Build.MANUFACTURER.contains("xiaomi", ignoreCase = true) ||
+    Build.MANUFACTURER.contains("motorola", ignoreCase = true) ||
+    SystemProperties.get(SystemProperties.Property.SOC_MANUFACTURER)
+      .equals("spreadtrum", ignoreCase = true) ||
+    SystemProperties.get(SystemProperties.Property.SOC_MANUFACTURER)
+      .equals("unisoc", ignoreCase = true) ||
+    Build.HARDWARE.contains("goldfish", ignoreCase = true) ||
+    Build.HARDWARE.contains("ranchu", ignoreCase = true)
+
 @SuppressLint("UseRequiresApi")
 @TargetApi(24)
 internal data class MuxerConfig(
diff --git a/sentry-android-replay/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoderCanvasTest.kt b/sentry-android-replay/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoderCanvasTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..01598df8ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sentry-android-replay/src/test/java/io/sentry/android/replay/video/SimpleVideoEncoderCanvasTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package io.sentry.android.replay.video
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
+import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowBuild
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@Config(sdk = [30])
+class SimpleVideoEncoderCanvasTest {
+
+  @Test
+  fun `uses hardware canvas on regular devices`() {
+    ShadowBuild.setManufacturer("Google")
+    ShadowBuild.setHardware("tensor")
+
+    assertThat(shouldUseSoftwareCanvas()).isFalse()
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun `uses software canvas on Xiaomi devices`() {
+    ShadowBuild.setManufacturer("Xiaomi")
+
+    assertThat(shouldUseSoftwareCanvas()).isTrue()
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun `uses software canvas on Motorola devices`() {
+    ShadowBuild.setManufacturer("motorola")
+
+    assertThat(shouldUseSoftwareCanvas()).isTrue()
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun `uses software canvas on ranchu emulators`() {
+    ShadowBuild.setManufacturer("Google")
+    ShadowBuild.setHardware("ranchu")
+
+    assertThat(shouldUseSoftwareCanvas()).isTrue()
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun `uses software canvas on goldfish emulators`() {
+    ShadowBuild.setManufacturer("unknown")
+    ShadowBuild.setHardware("goldfish")
+
+    assertThat(shouldUseSoftwareCanvas()).isTrue()
+  }
+}