diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 3774bbbd1..fc28ab02d 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -3,9 +3,6 @@
 
 # Cargo.lock is intentionally tracked (workspace builds binaries).
 
-# Regenerated by tools/dag-viewer/generate-sample.sh; dag.example.json is the committed sample
-/tools/dag-viewer/dag.json
-
 # Python bytecode cache (tools/clickhouse/extract_functions.py)
 __pycache__/
 *.pyc
diff --git a/crates/devtools/tests/stage_pipeline.rs b/crates/devtools/tests/stage_pipeline.rs
index 0cb261ec1..fce25c9c2 100644
--- a/crates/devtools/tests/stage_pipeline.rs
+++ b/crates/devtools/tests/stage_pipeline.rs
@@ -446,9 +446,9 @@ fn pass1_failure_still_writes_stage0_and_the_error() {
     assert!(document["stage3_plan_selection"]["selected"].is_null());
 }
 
-/// The scalar-queries viewer fixture: standalone scalar queries first, in
-/// the middle and last, which the physical DAG keeps in `scalar_roots`.
-const SCALAR_QUERIES: &str = "../../tools/dag-viewer/examples/scalar-queries.json";
+/// Standalone scalar queries first, in the middle and last, which the
+/// physical DAG keeps in `scalar_roots` by query position (the viewer's
+/// test_viewer.py draws this workload).
 const SCALAR_QUERIES_ARGS: &[&str] = &[
     "--promql",
     "scalar(sum(m))",
@@ -463,14 +463,8 @@ const SCALAR_QUERIES_ARGS: &[&str] = &[
 ];
 
 #[test]
-fn scalar_queries_fixture_is_current() {
+fn scalar_queries_keep_their_positions_in_scalar_roots() {
     let document = document_of(SCALAR_QUERIES_ARGS);
-    let committed: Value = serde_json::from_str(
-        &std::fs::read_to_string(PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).join(SCALAR_QUERIES))
-            .unwrap(),
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(document, committed, "regenerate the committed fixture");
     let selected = document["stage3_plan_selection"]["selected"]
         .as_str()
         .unwrap();
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/.gitignore b/tools/dag-viewer/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..89f9ac04a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+out/
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/README.md b/tools/dag-viewer/README.md
index 182c0f94c..9e4a341ba 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/README.md
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/README.md
@@ -1,201 +1,131 @@
-# ASAP Pre/Post-ASAP DAG viewer
-
-The viewer has one visualization mode: **Pre/Post-ASAP**.
-
-- Select one query to see that query's complete pre-ASAP and post-ASAP DAGs.
-- Select multiple queries to see two workload-union DAGs: one pre-ASAP union
-  and one post-ASAP union. Nodes with the same exporter-assigned workload
-  identity are collapsed while query roots and ownership are retained.
-- The **All** checkbox left of the query strip selects or deselects every
-  query at once, and shows an indeterminate state while only some are
-  selected. It changes the selection only; **Clear all** in the header is a
-  different operation and discards the loaded workload itself.
-- Drag anywhere on the canvas to pan, including on a lane's own background.
-- Pre-ASAP nodes show only their original IR content.
-- Post-ASAP nodes show their translated IR content and the explicit planner
-  decision carried by that node.
-- Click any edge to inspect its schema, source and target nodes, and how the
-  target operation derives its output schema in the details panel.
-- The details panel shows the selected workload's bound table/metric schemas
-  and can be resized by dragging its left edge.
-- A post-ASAP node whose winning decision carries a cost/benefit annotation
-  shows a concise `▼NN%`/`▲NN%` badge next to its label; the sidebar and the
-  workload-scope summary show the full baseline/selected/benefit breakdown,
-  with units and provenance, wherever the export provides one — see "Cost/
-  benefit annotations" below.
-
-There are no separate Single, Compare, or Union modes.
-
-## Interactive query editor
-
-From the repository root:
-
-```sh
-python3 tools/dag-viewer/server.py
-```
-
-Open <http://127.0.0.1:8000>, expand **Query editor**, add SQL or PromQL
-queries, choose an epsilon, and click **Plan selected workload**. The backend
-runs the real pipeline:
-
-1. SQL/PromQL parsing and lowering
-2. pre-ASAP DAG generation
-3. ASAP-aware mapping
-4. post-ASAP DAG generation
-
-The editor includes built-in `metrics` and `hosts` table schemas. Enable the
-schemas each SQL query uses with its checkboxes, or add a table with custom
-columns using one readable `name TYPE [NOT NULL]` declaration per line and
-an optional time-index column. The compact `name:type!` form remains accepted
-for compatibility. These definitions are passed to `dag_export` and used by the SQL
-schema_resolver; they are not display-only metadata. PromQL keeps its open metric
-model and shows an inferred schema based on the labels and values used by the
-query. The sidebar groups identical input schemas and lists every selected
-query that uses each one.
-
-The Python terminal streams those stages while they run. The server binds to
-localhost by default and invokes `dag_export` with an argv array, not a
-shell command.
-
-## Export JSON directly
-
-```sh
-cargo run -p asap-devtools --bin dag_export -- \
-  --post-asap --epsilon 0.01 \
-  --planner-cost-json "$PLANNER_PHYSICAL_EVIDENCE" \
-  --sql "SELECT service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics GROUP BY service" --name q1 \
-  > /tmp/dag.json
-```
-
-Load the JSON with the page's file picker. `--planner-cost-json` is a complete
-physical-evidence document: an immutable `evidence_version`, calibration, and
-target records containing the exact target node (a serialized pre-ASAP
-`OperatorNode`) and comparison scope.
-Each exact replacement candidate owns its complete logical-node
-`PhysicalNodeEvidence`; summary candidates additionally own their bound
-`PhysicalDAG`. Candidate-local evidence prevents statistics for one physical
-alternative from satisfying another. Candidate matching includes the complete
-exported plan, including accuracy guarantees, and never uses a hash or strategy
-name; derived floating constants allow only a one-ULP JSON round-trip tolerance.
-Duplicate, conflicting, unused, or missing records fail closed. The old
-`--analytical-cost-json` spelling accepts the new document as an alias; its old
-compact aggregation payload is rejected with a migration error.
-
-`--default-cost` is the alternative cost source for a workload with no
-deployment to measure yet, and is mutually exclusive with
-`--planner-cost-json`:
-
-```sh
-cargo run -p asap-devtools --bin dag_export -- \
-  --post-asap --default-cost --epsilon 0.01 \
-  --sql "SELECT service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics GROUP BY service" --name q1 \
-  > /tmp/dag.json
-```
-
-It ranks candidates with the planner's structural `DefaultCostModel`, so the
-structure of the export is real — which replacements the search found, which
-one won per group, and the merged post-ASAP DAG — while no cost is exported
-at all. Every `CostAnnotation` stays `Unavailable` with no `value` and renders
-as **Not estimated**; the structural ranking number is never serialized. Use
-it to see what ASAPPlanner does with a workload before there is a deployment
-to calibrate against, and `--planner-cost-json` once there is.
-
-Without either flag, `--post-asap` exports the raw DAG only.
-
-## Standalone HTML
-
-```sh
-python3 tools/dag-viewer/render.py /tmp/dag.json -o /tmp/dag.html
-```
-
-The renderer embeds the workload and vendored JavaScript into one file. It
-always opens in Pre/Post-ASAP mode; there is no `--mode` option.
-
-## JSON contract
-
-`NamedDAG.dag` is the original pre-ASAP DAG. `NamedDAG.post_dag`
-is the complete translated DAG. Every post-ASAP node produced or carried by
-a selected replacement directly contains:
+# ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer
+
+A browser view of what the planner does with one workload, read from an
+`asap-stage-pipeline/v1` document written by the `stage_pipeline` devtool:
+
+- **Stage 0**, the DAG the query-language frontends lower the queries into,
+  one root per query;
+- **Stage 1**, the logical ASAP candidates: Pass 1's per-computation
+  choices, each followed by its Pass 2 identical-expression candidates;
+- **Stage 2**, the physical candidate of each composed Stage 1 candidate,
+  or the reason Stage 2 pruned it;
+- **Stage 3**, which checks every physical candidate, prices the valid ones
+  per second and selects the cheapest.
+
+To run it, see [RUNNING.md](RUNNING.md).
+
+## The page
+
+- **Examples**: one tab per entry of `examples.json` (#509 Examples 1, 3a
+  and 3b). `#example3b` in the URL opens that example.
+- **Workload queries** with their accuracy, latency and recurrence, and a
+  line that counts the candidates at each stage.
+- **Stage 3 · plans by cost**: every candidate the document shows. First the
+  selected plan, then the other valid ones cheapest first, then the
+  rejected ones with their reasons (or "not judged" when plan selection
+  failed with an error), then the Stage 2 pruned ones and the
+  Stage 1 candidates that did not compose, each with its reason. The header
+  says how many candidates Stage 1 enumerated, how many the document shows
+  when it caps them, and why Stage 1 or plan selection failed when it did.
+  Clicking a row shows it in the lanes.
+- **Three lanes**, stacked top to bottom so each is as wide as the page:
+  Stage 0, the chosen Stage 1 candidate, and its Stage 2 candidate
+  with each node's timing and Stage 3 cost (`× n` when a node that is not
+  materialized is computed once per reader). Each lane is the whole
+  workload's DAG, so a node shared by several queries appears once. Nodes
+  are data sources, relational operators or summary operators; summary
+  builds print their configuration (for example `CmsWithHeap · depth 7 ·
+  heap 100 · width 272`) and whether there is one per group, one per
+  series, or one shared instance. A standalone scalar query (`time()`,
+  `scalar(v)`, `1 + 2`) is a dashed `Scalar` node over the nodes it reads.
+  Query roots have a thick border.
+- **Details**: click a node for its operator, timing, materialization,
+  output schema, guarantee and Stage 3 cost; click an edge for its schema
+  and data state.
+
+Other documents open with **Open stage document…**, by dropping a file on
+the page, or with `?doc=<path>` for a file served next to `index.html`.
+
+## Query editor
+
+With the local server running, **Query editor** plans SQL and PromQL
+queries with one ε for every query. SQL queries read the tables declared in
+the editor (one column per line, `name TYPE [NOT NULL]`, and an optional
+time column). The server runs `stage_pipeline` with `--sql`, `--promql`,
+`--name` and `--table` and the page shows the result.
+
+## Document format
+
+`stage_pipeline` writes:
 
 ```json
 {
-  "decision": {
-    "id": 7,
-    "strategy": "ASAPStrategies",
-    "rationale": "count realizes as a Cms sketch",
-    "rank": 0,
-    "cost": 1.14001088,
-    "role": "replacement_root",
-    "baseline_cost": { "value": 104.0032, "unit": "CostUnits", "source": "Modeled", "model_version": "analytical-cost-v1+example-calibration-v1", "evidence_version": "example-evidence-v1" },
-    "selected_cost": { "value": 1.14001088, "unit": "CostUnits", "source": "Modeled", "baseline": {"kind": "PreAsapRecomputation"}, "delta": 102.86318912, "benefit_ratio": 0.9890386941940248 },
-    "benefit": { "value": 102.86318912, "unit": "CostUnits", "source": "Modeled", "baseline": {"kind": "PreAsapRecomputation"}, "benefit_ratio": 0.9890386941940248 }
+  "format": "asap-stage-pipeline/v1",
+  "workload": { "queries": [{ "id": "q1", "language": "promql", "text": "...",
+                "requirements": { "accuracy": "exact", "repeat_interval_ms": 10000 } }] },
+  "stage0_query_language_frontends": { "dag": "<flat logical DAG>" },
+  "stage1_logical_asap_optimization": {
+    "combinations": 9, "capped": false,
+    "candidates": [{ "id": "L1", "display_name": "...", "dag": "<flat logical DAG>" },
+                   { "id": "L2", "display_name": "...", "error": "..." }]
+  },
+  "stage2_physical_asap_optimization": {
+    "candidates": [{ "id": "P1", "from_logical": "L1", "display_name": "...", "dag": "<PhysicalASAPDAG>" }],
+    "pruned": [{ "from_logical": "L3", "display_name": "...", "reason": "..." }]
+  },
+  "stage3_plan_selection": {
+    "costs": { "P1": { "total": 7.9, "unit": "cost_per_second", "source": "...",
+                       "per_node": { "<node id>": { "cost": 2.3, "multiplier": 1, "detail": "..." } } } },
+    "selected": "P1",
+    "rejected": [{ "id": "P2", "valid": true, "reason": "..." }]
   }
 }
 ```
 
-The viewer reads this explicit metadata. It never guesses a strategy or
-workload-sharing identity from a node label, hash, or client-side signature.
-The exporter assigns `workload_node_id`; union rendering reads that mapping
-directly.
-
-Node boxes use concrete IR fields: aggregate measures/grouping, sort keys,
-filter predicates, projections, sources, summary families, and evaluation
-queries. A node's `kind` is the operator variant name (`Operator::kind_name`):
-a `NonASAPOp` such as `Aggregate` or `Values`, or an `ASAPOp` such as
-`SummaryAgg` or `EvaluatePopulation`. `node-style.js` maps each kind to a color
-category. Scalar expressions are not nodes; an operator a scalar expression
-reads (`scalar(v)`, `EXISTS (subquery)`) is a child node, shown in `detail`
-as `{"scalar_ref": <node id>}`. Schemas list their entries under `fields`. Category icons are deliberately omitted so they cannot be confused
-with IR text.
-
-### Cost/benefit annotations (issue #286)
-
-`decision.baseline_cost` / `.selected_cost` / `.benefit` are structured
-[`CostAnnotation`](../../crates/types/src/cost.rs)s: `value` + `unit` +
-`source` (`Modeled` / `Measured` / `Unavailable`), optionally `baseline` +
-`delta` + `benefit_ratio`, and `model_version`/`evidence_version`/
-`benchmark_id`/`inputs` for provenance. `model_version` identifies the
-analytical formulas and calibration; `evidence_version` independently
-identifies the immutable catalog/runtime generation. A missing `value`
-(`source: "Unavailable"`) always renders as
-**Not estimated** — the viewer never fabricates a number. A complete physical
-planner export keeps CPU operations, peak memory, scan bytes, coefficients,
-and workload statistics in `inputs`. Without complete physical evidence, the
-annotation is `Unavailable`; structural node counts are never substituted,
-including under `--default-cost`, where they rank the candidates and are then
-discarded.
-See the [analytical model design](../../docs/design_docs/asap-aware-mapping/analytical-resource-cost.md).
-
-
-The checked-in viewer fixture makes its illustrative comparison reproducible.
-It models 100 evaluations of 100 million 64-byte rows with 100,000 groups.
-The raw path charges one scan plus three hash/key/accumulator operations per
-row, so CPU is `100 × 100,000,000 × 4 = 40 billion` operations; it reads
-`100 × 6.4 GB = 640 GB` and retains
-`100,000 × (8-byte key + 8-byte accumulator + 16-byte hash metadata) = 3.2 MB`.
-One incrementally built depth-5 CMS charges
-`100,000,000 × 5 = 500 million` counter updates, reads the 6.4 GB source once,
-and retains `272 × 5 × 8 = 10,880` bytes. With coefficients `1e-9` per CPU
-operation, `1e-10` per scan byte, and `1e-9` per peak-memory byte, the displayed totals are
-`104.0032` and `1.14001088` cost units. These are explicit fixture assumptions,
-not statistics inferred by the viewer.
-
-The same three fields also appear on `TargetReplacement`
-(replacement-region baseline/selected/benefit), `NamedDAG.workload_cost` /
-`WorkloadDAG.workload_cost` (whole selected-workload cost/benefit, shared
-decisions counted once via `decision.id` dedup). `ExportDAG.edge_annotations`
-is reserved for a higher layer that has physical evidence for a particular
-edge; DAG sharing alone never creates an edge cost. The sidebar shows the full breakdown
-(value, unit, provenance, baseline, ratio, inputs) on node/edge click and in
-the workload-scope summary; a post-ASAP node with a costed decision also
-gets a concise on-DAG `▼NN%`/`▲NN%` badge next to its label.
-
-All of this is additive and optional: an export with none of these fields
-(anything produced before issue #286) renders exactly as before.
+- A flat logical DAG lists its nodes in id order; an operator names its
+  inputs by node id. `roots` has one root per query: `{"Operator": id}`, or
+  `{"Scalar": expr}` for a standalone scalar query.
+- A `PhysicalASAPDAG` has node ids, an edge list, operator roots in `roots`,
+  and standalone scalar queries in `scalar_roots` as `[query position,
+  expr]`.
+- When Pass 1 fails, Stage 1 has `error` and no candidates. When selection
+  fails, `selected` is null, with the rejections or with `error`.
+
+The viewer checks the document before showing it: one root per query, node,
+edge and root references, `scalar_roots` positions, `from_logical`, and the Stage 3 ids, costs and
+`per_node` keys. If a check fails, it shows the problems instead.
+
+## Files
+
+- `index.html`, `app.js`: the page.
+- `stages.js`: document checks, the candidate list, lane elements and node
+  labels; no DOM.
+- `node-style.js`: the operator-kind table (`KIND_CATEGORY_JSON`, checked
+  against the IR by `crates/devtools/tests/viewer_contract.rs`) and the
+  node groups.
+- `editor.js`: the query editor.
+- `server.py`: serves the page, writes missing example documents into
+  `out/` (git-ignored), and plans editor queries.
+- `examples.json`: the example tabs. `examples/planner-layering-example1.json`
+  is the one committed document: `crates/devtools/tests/stage_pipeline.rs`
+  checks that it is current.
+- `cytoscape.min.js`, `dagre.min.js`, `cytoscape-dagre.js`: vendored, so the
+  page works offline.
 
 ## Tests
 
-```sh
-python3 -m unittest discover -s tools/dag-viewer -p test_render.py
-cargo test -p asap-devtools --bin dag_export
+From `tools/dag-viewer`:
+
+```bash
+python3 -m unittest test_viewer test_server
+```
+
+The JavaScript runs in V8 through `py_mini_racer` (`pip install
+py-mini-racer==0.6.0`) against a stub DOM, so no browser is needed; without
+it those tests are skipped. The scalar-query and `/api/plan` tests need a
+built `stage_pipeline` (`cargo build -p asap-devtools --bin
+stage_pipeline`). The Rust side:
+
+```bash
+cargo test -p asap-devtools --test viewer_contract --test stage_pipeline
 ```
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/app.js b/tools/dag-viewer/app.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1feb89d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/app.js
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+// ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer: an asap-stage-pipeline/v1 document as a Stage 3
+// candidate list beside three DAG lanes stacked top to bottom (Stage 0,
+// then the Stage 1 candidate, then its Stage 2 candidate), details below.
+// Each lane shows the whole workload. Document checks, the candidate list
+// and node labels live in stages.js (tested); node-style.js groups operator
+// kinds.
+(function () {
+  if (window.cytoscapeDagre) cytoscape.use(window.cytoscapeDagre);
+  const $ = (id) => document.getElementById(id);
+  const esc = (s) => String(s).replace(/[&<>"]/g, (c) => ({ '&': '&amp;', '<': '&lt;', '>': '&gt;', '"': '&quot;' }[c]));
+  const tok = (name) => getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue(name).trim();
+
+  let doc, rows, queryIds, logicalById, physicalById;
+  let current = { logical: null, physical: null };
+  const cys = [null, null, null];
+  const laneName = ['Stage 0 · query-language frontends', 'Stage 1 · logical ASAP optimization', 'Stage 2 · physical ASAP optimization'];
+
+  function style() {
+    return [
+      { selector: 'node', style: {
+          shape: 'round-rectangle', label: 'data(label)', 'text-wrap': 'wrap', 'text-valign': 'center', 'text-halign': 'center',
+          'font-family': tok('--font-mono') || 'monospace', 'font-size': 10, color: tok('--fg'),
+          width: 'label', height: 'label', padding: '9px', 'border-width': 1.5, 'text-max-width': 240 } },
+      { selector: 'node[group = "source"]', style: { 'background-color': tok('--cat-source'), 'border-color': tok('--cat-source-line') } },
+      { selector: 'node[group = "rel"]', style: { 'background-color': tok('--cat-rel'), 'border-color': tok('--cat-rel-line') } },
+      { selector: 'node[group = "summary"]', style: { 'background-color': tok('--cat-summary'), 'border-color': tok('--cat-summary-line') } },
+      { selector: 'node[group = "scalar"]', style: { 'background-color': tok('--cat-scalar'), 'border-color': tok('--cat-scalar-line'), 'border-style': 'dashed' } },
+      { selector: 'node.root', style: { 'border-width': 3.5, 'border-color': tok('--accent') } },
+      { selector: 'node:selected', style: { 'overlay-color': tok('--accent'), 'overlay-opacity': 0.14, 'overlay-padding': 5 } },
+      { selector: 'edge', style: { width: 1.6, 'line-color': tok('--edge'), 'target-arrow-color': tok('--edge'), 'target-arrow-shape': 'triangle', 'curve-style': 'bezier', 'arrow-scale': 0.9 } },
+      { selector: 'edge:selected', style: { 'line-color': tok('--accent'), 'target-arrow-color': tok('--accent'), width: 2.6 } },
+    ];
+  }
+
+  function clearLane(i, text) {
+    if (cys[i]) { cys[i].destroy(); cys[i] = null; }
+    $(`lane${i}-meta`).textContent = text;
+  }
+
+  function render(i, dag, physical, costPerNode) {
+    if (cys[i]) cys[i].destroy();
+    const elements = stageLaneElements(dag, { physical, costPerNode, queryIds })
+      .map((el) => ({ data: el.data, classes: [el.classes, el.data.rootFor && el.data.rootFor.length ? 'root' : ''].join(' ').trim() }));
+    const cy = cytoscape({
+      container: $('cy' + i), elements, style: style(),
+      layout: { name: window.cytoscapeDagre ? 'dagre' : 'breadthfirst', rankDir: 'BT', nodeSep: 18, rankSep: 34, padding: 14, directed: true },
+      wheelSensitivity: 0.25, minZoom: 0.2, maxZoom: 2.5, boxSelectionEnabled: false,
+    });
+    cy.on('tap', 'node', (e) => showNode(e.target.data(), i));
+    cy.on('tap', 'edge', (e) => showEdge(e.target.data(), i));
+    cys[i] = cy;
+  }
+
+  const fmtCost = (x) => (Math.abs(x) >= 100 ? x.toFixed(1) : String(Number(x.toPrecision(3))));
+  const kv = (items) => `<dl class="kv">${items.map(([k, v]) => `<dt>${esc(k)}</dt><dd>${esc(v)}</dd>`).join('')}</dl>`;
+
+  function schemaTable(schema) {
+    if (!schema || !Array.isArray(schema.fields)) return '';
+    const fields = schema.fields.map((f) => `<tr><td>${esc(f.name)}</td><td>${esc(compactWire(f.dtype))}</td><td>${f.nullable ? 'yes' : 'no'}</td></tr>`).join('');
+    return `<div><div class="eyebrow">output schema</div><div class="schema"><table><thead><tr><th>field</th><th>type</th><th>nullable</th></tr></thead><tbody>${fields}</tbody></table></div></div>`;
+  }
+
+  function showNode(d, lane) {
+    const n = d.node;
+    const items = [['lane', laneName[lane]], ['operator', d.kind], ['node id', d.nodeId]];
+    if (d.kind === 'Scalar') items.push(['expression', stageScalarText(n.Scalar)]);
+    const [, body] = d.kind === 'Scalar' ? [null, {}] : stageOperatorParts(n.payload || n.operator);
+    if (d.kind === 'SummaryAgg') {
+      items.push(['summary parameters', summaryFamilyText(body.family)]);
+      items.push(['instances', summaryInstancesText(body.grouping, body.reduction)]);
+    }
+    if (d.rootFor && d.rootFor.length) items.push(['query root of', d.rootFor.join(', ')]);
+    if (d.timing !== undefined) items.push(['runs at', formatTiming(d.timing)]);
+    if (n.materialization) items.push(['materialization', compactWire(n.materialization)]);
+    if (n.output_state && n.output_state.primitive) items.push(['output primitive', compactWire(n.output_state.primitive)]);
+    if (d.cost) {
+      const value = typeof d.cost.cost === 'number'
+        ? `${Number(d.cost.cost.toPrecision(4))}${d.cost.multiplier === 1 || d.cost.multiplier === undefined ? '' : ` × ${d.cost.multiplier}`}`
+        : 'no number';
+      items.push(['Stage 3 cost', `${value} · ${d.cost.detail || ''}`]);
+    }
+    if (d.kind !== 'Scalar') items.push(['guarantee', n.guarantee ? compactWire(n.guarantee) : 'none']);
+    $('details').innerHTML = `<h3>${esc(d.kind)} <span class="eyebrow">node ${esc(d.nodeId)}</span></h3>${kv(items)}
+      ${schemaTable(n.output_schema || n.schema)}
+      <details><summary>Full node (JSON)</summary><pre>${esc(JSON.stringify(n, null, 2))}</pre></details>`;
+  }
+
+  function showEdge(d, lane) {
+    const [from, to] = [d.source.slice(1), d.target.slice(1)];
+    const items = [['lane', laneName[lane]], ['from → to', `node ${from} → node ${d.target.startsWith('s') ? `scalar root of query #${Number(to) + 1}` : to}`]];
+    const e = d.edge;
+    if (e) {
+      items.push(['role', compactWire(e.role)], ['grouping', compactWire(e.grouping)]);
+      if (e.data_state) items.push(['data state', compactWire(e.data_state)]);
+      if (e.window) items.push(['window', compactWire(e.window)]);
+    }
+    $('details').innerHTML = `<h3>Edge <span class="eyebrow">${esc(from)} → ${esc(to)}</span></h3>${kv(items)}
+      ${e ? schemaTable(e.intermediate_schema) : ''}`;
+  }
+
+  function statusChip(status) {
+    if (status === 'selected') return '<span class="chip selected">✓ selected</span>';
+    if (status === 'costlier') return '<span class="chip costlier">valid · costlier</span>';
+    if (status === 'rejected') return '<span class="chip invalid">✗ invalid</span>';
+    if (status === 'not judged') return '<span class="chip">not judged</span>';
+    return `<span class="chip invalid">${esc(status)}</span>`;
+  }
+
+  function rowKey(row) { return `${row.status === 'pruned' || row.status === 'composition error' ? 'L' : 'P'}:${row.id}`; }
+
+  function renderRanking() {
+    const pressed = current.physical ? `P:${current.physical}` : `L:${current.logical}`;
+    $('rank').innerHTML = rows.map((r) => `<li><button type="button" data-key="${esc(rowKey(r))}" aria-pressed="${rowKey(r) === pressed}">
+        <span class="pid">${esc(r.id)}</span><span class="plabel">${esc(r.display_name || r.id)}</span>
+        <span class="ptotal">${r.total === null ? '—' : fmtCost(r.total)}</span>
+        <span class="pstatus">${statusChip(r.status)}${r.reason ? `<span>${esc(r.reason)}</span>` : ''}</span></button></li>`).join('');
+    $('rank').querySelectorAll('button').forEach((b) => b.addEventListener('click', () => {
+      const [kind, id] = [b.dataset.key.slice(0, 1), b.dataset.key.slice(2)];
+      if (kind === 'P') selectPhysical(id);
+      else selectLogical(id);
+    }));
+  }
+
+  // Choose Stage 1 candidate `id`: show its physical plan when it has one;
+  // a pruned or uncomposed candidate has none, so Stage 2 is cleared.
+  function selectLogical(id) {
+    const physical = doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization.candidates.find((p) => p.from_logical === id);
+    if (physical) { selectPhysical(physical.id); return; }
+    showLogical(id);
+    current.physical = null;
+    $('pick2').value = '';
+    clearLane(2, 'no physical plan for this Stage 1 candidate');
+    renderRanking();
+  }
+
+  // Draw Stage 1 candidate `id` in lane 1.
+  function showLogical(id) {
+    current.logical = id;
+    $('pick1').value = id;
+    const c = logicalById.get(id);
+    if (c.dag) {
+      render(1, c.dag, false, null);
+      const physicalFor = doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization.candidates.filter((p) => p.from_logical === id).map((p) => p.id);
+      const pruned = (doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization.pruned || []).find((p) => p.from_logical === id);
+      $('lane1-meta').innerHTML = `${esc(c.display_name)} · ${c.dag.nodes.length} nodes · ` +
+        (pruned ? `pruned by Stage 2: ${esc(pruned.reason)}` : `physical plan ${physicalFor.map((p) => `<b>${esc(p)}</b>`).join(', ') || 'none'}`);
+    } else {
+      clearLane(1, '');
+      $('lane1-meta').innerHTML = `${esc(c.display_name)} · <span class="error">composition error: ${esc(c.error)}</span>`;
+    }
+  }
+
+  function selectPhysical(id) {
+    current.physical = id;
+    $('pick2').value = id;
+    const c = physicalById.get(id);
+    const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection;
+    const cost = selection.costs[id];
+    render(2, c.dag, true, cost ? cost.per_node : null);
+    const row = rows.find((r) => rowKey(r) === `P:${id}`);
+    const priced = rows.filter((r) => r.rank !== null).length;
+    $('lane2-meta').innerHTML = `${esc(c.display_name)} · from <b>${esc(c.from_logical)}</b> · ` +
+      (cost ? `total <b>${fmtCost(cost.total)}</b> ${esc(cost.unit.replace(/_/g, ' '))} · rank ${row.rank} of ${priced}` : 'not priced') +
+      ` · ${statusChip(row.status)}`;
+    if (c.from_logical !== current.logical) showLogical(c.from_logical);
+    renderRanking();
+  }
+
+  function restyle() { cys.forEach((cy) => cy && cy.style(style())); }
+
+  const HINT = '<p class="hint">Select a node to see its operator, output schema, timing and Stage 3 cost; select an edge to see the schema and data state it carries.</p>';
+
+  // Show one stage document; `source` names it, `story` explains it.
+  function showDocument(data, source, story) {
+    const errors = validateStagePipeline(data);
+    if (errors.length) throw new Error(errors.slice(0, 3).join('; '));
+    doc = data;
+    current = { logical: null, physical: null };
+    $('details').innerHTML = HINT;
+    $('docName').textContent = source || '';
+    $('story').textContent = story || '';
+    $('story').hidden = !story;
+    queryIds = doc.workload.queries.map((q) => q.id);
+    const logical = doc.stage1_logical_asap_optimization;
+    const physical = doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization;
+    const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection;
+    logicalById = new Map(logical.candidates.map((c) => [c.id, c]));
+    physicalById = new Map(physical.candidates.map((c) => [c.id, c]));
+    rows = stageCandidateRows(doc);
+
+    $('queries').innerHTML = doc.workload.queries.map((q) => {
+      const r = q.requirements || {};
+      const acc = r.accuracy === 'exact' ? 'exact' : r.accuracy ? `ε=${r.accuracy.epsilon}${r.accuracy.delta !== undefined ? `, δ=${r.accuracy.delta}` : ''}` : '';
+      const req = [acc && `accuracy ${acc}`, r.latency_ms && `latency ≤ ${r.latency_ms} ms`, r.repeat_interval_ms && `every ${r.repeat_interval_ms / 1000} s`].filter(Boolean).join(' · ');
+      return `<div class="query"><span class="qid">${esc(q.id)} · ${esc(q.language)}</span><code>${esc(q.text)}</code>${req ? `<span class="req">${esc(req)}</span>` : ''}</div>`;
+    }).join('');
+    const count = (status) => rows.filter((r) => r.status === status).length;
+    $('counts').innerHTML = `Candidates per stage: <b>1</b> logical DAG → <b>${logical.combinations}</b> logical ASAP` +
+      (logical.capped ? ` (<b>${logical.candidates.length}</b> shown)` : '') +
+      ` → <b>${physicalById.size}</b> physical` +
+      (selection.selected ? ` → <b>1</b> selected (${count('rejected')} invalid, ${count('costlier')} valid but costlier)` : ' → none selected');
+    $('rank-meta').textContent = stageCandidateHeader(doc);
+    const sel = selection.selected ? selection.costs[selection.selected] : null;
+    $('cost-unit').textContent = sel ? sel.unit.replace(/_/g, ' ') : '';
+
+    $('pick1').innerHTML = logical.candidates.map((c) => `<option value="${esc(c.id)}">${esc(c.id)} · ${esc(c.display_name)}</option>`).join('');
+    $('pick2').innerHTML = rows.filter((r) => rowKey(r).startsWith('P'))
+      .map((r) => `<option value="${esc(r.id)}">${esc(r.id)} · ${esc(r.display_name)}</option>`).join('');
+
+    render(0, doc.stage0_query_language_frontends.dag, false, null);
+    $('lane0-meta').innerHTML = `${doc.stage0_query_language_frontends.dag.nodes.length} nodes · roots for ${queryIds.map((q) => `<b>${esc(q)}</b>`).join(', ')}`;
+    // The selected plan is the first row when there is one.
+    const first = rows[0];
+    if (first && rowKey(first).startsWith('P')) selectPhysical(first.id);
+    else if (first) selectLogical(first.logical);
+    else {
+      clearLane(1, 'no candidates');
+      clearLane(2, 'no candidates');
+      renderRanking();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function showError(err) {
+    $('queries').innerHTML = `<span class="error">Could not load the planner output: ${esc(err.message)}</span>`;
+  }
+
+  // Loads are numbered so a slow earlier fetch cannot replace a later one.
+  let loading = 0;
+  function loadUrl(url, source, story) {
+    const ticket = ++loading;
+    $('queries').innerHTML = '<span class="status">Loading planner output…</span>';
+    return fetch(url).then((r) => { if (!r.ok) throw new Error(`${url}: HTTP ${r.status}`); return r.json(); })
+      .then((data) => { if (ticket === loading) showDocument(data, source, story); })
+      .catch((err) => { if (ticket === loading) showError(err); });
+  }
+
+  let examples = [];
+  function pressTab(id) {
+    $('tabs').querySelectorAll('button').forEach((b) => b.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(b.dataset.id === id)));
+  }
+  function loadExample(example) {
+    pressTab(example.id);
+    try { history.replaceState(null, '', '#' + example.id); } catch (e) { /* the hash is a convenience */ }
+    loadUrl(example.file, example.file, example.story);
+  }
+
+  // Documents from outside the example list (a file, the editor) clear the
+  // tab. Returns whether the document was shown.
+  function showExternal(data, source) {
+    ++loading;
+    pressTab(null);
+    try { history.replaceState(null, '', location.pathname + location.search); } catch (e) { /* ignore */ }
+    try {
+      showDocument(data, source, '');
+      return true;
+    } catch (err) {
+      showError(err);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  function readFile(file) {
+    file.text().then((text) => showExternal(JSON.parse(text), file.name)).catch(showError);
+  }
+  $('openFile').addEventListener('click', () => $('fileInput').click());
+  $('fileInput').addEventListener('change', (e) => { if (e.target.files[0]) readFile(e.target.files[0]); e.target.value = ''; });
+  document.addEventListener('dragover', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); document.body.classList.add('drop-active'); });
+  document.addEventListener('dragleave', (e) => { if (!e.relatedTarget) document.body.classList.remove('drop-active'); });
+  document.addEventListener('drop', (e) => {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    document.body.classList.remove('drop-active');
+    if (e.dataTransfer.files[0]) readFile(e.dataTransfer.files[0]);
+  });
+
+  $('pick1').addEventListener('change', (e) => selectLogical(e.target.value));
+  $('pick2').addEventListener('change', (e) => selectPhysical(e.target.value));
+  window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addEventListener('change', restyle);
+  new MutationObserver(restyle).observe(document.documentElement, { attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['data-theme'] });
+  $('details').innerHTML = HINT;
+
+  window.StageViewer = { showDocument: showExternal };
+
+  // `?doc=<path>` opens one document; otherwise the examples listed in
+  // examples.json, starting from `#<id>` or the first.
+  const requested = new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('doc');
+  fetch('examples.json').then((r) => (r.ok ? r.json() : [])).catch(() => []).then((list) => {
+    examples = Array.isArray(list) ? list : [];
+    $('tabs').innerHTML = examples.map((x) => `<button type="button" data-id="${esc(x.id)}" aria-pressed="false">${esc(x.name)}</button>`).join('');
+    $('tabs').hidden = examples.length === 0;
+    $('tabs').querySelectorAll('button').forEach((b) => b.addEventListener('click', () => loadExample(examples.find((x) => x.id === b.dataset.id))));
+    if (requested) loadUrl(requested, requested, '');
+    else if (examples.length) loadExample(examples.find((x) => '#' + x.id === location.hash) || examples[0]);
+  });
+})();
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/cost-benefit-annotations.png b/tools/dag-viewer/cost-benefit-annotations.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 265df5178..000000000
Binary files a/tools/dag-viewer/cost-benefit-annotations.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/cost-benefit-positive-savings.png b/tools/dag-viewer/cost-benefit-positive-savings.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b5d2f179..000000000
Binary files a/tools/dag-viewer/cost-benefit-positive-savings.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/dag.example.json b/tools/dag-viewer/dag.example.json
deleted file mode 100644
index a60ebadfc..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/dag.example.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27417 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "format": "asap-stage-pipeline/v1",
-  "stage0_query_language_frontends": {
-    "dag": {
-      "nodes": [
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Scan": {
-                "predicates": [],
-                "schema": {
-                  "closed": true,
-                  "fields": [
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "timestamp"
-                      },
-                      "name": "ts",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "service",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "region",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "float64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "latency",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "int64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "bytes",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "time_index": 0,
-                  "unique_keys": []
-                },
-                "source": {
-                  "Table": {
-                    "table_ref": "metrics"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "relation",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "service",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "region",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "latency",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "int64"
-                },
-                "name": "bytes",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": []
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Aggregate": {
-                "child": 0,
-                "filters": [],
-                "having": null,
-                "measures": [
-                  {
-                    "accuracy": {
-                      "Epsilon": 0.01
-                    },
-                    "kind": "count"
-                  }
-                ],
-                "output_names": [
-                  "count(Int64(1))"
-                ],
-                "reduction": {
-                  "Reduce": [
-                    1
-                  ]
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "relation",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "service",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "int64"
-                },
-                "name": "count(Int64(1))",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Project": {
-                "child": 1,
-                "cols": [
-                  {
-                    "alias": null,
-                    "expr": {
-                      "Column": 0
-                    }
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "alias": "count(*)",
-                    "expr": {
-                      "Column": 1
-                    }
-                  }
-                ],
-                "qualifier": null
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "relation",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "service",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "int64"
-                },
-                "name": "count(*)",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Scan": {
-                "predicates": [],
-                "schema": {
-                  "closed": true,
-                  "fields": [
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "timestamp"
-                      },
-                      "name": "ts",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "service",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "region",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "float64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "latency",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "int64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "bytes",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": "metrics"
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "time_index": 0,
-                  "unique_keys": []
-                },
-                "source": {
-                  "Table": {
-                    "table_ref": "metrics"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "relation",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "service",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "region",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "latency",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "int64"
-                },
-                "name": "bytes",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": []
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Aggregate": {
-                "child": 3,
-                "filters": [],
-                "having": null,
-                "measures": [
-                  {
-                    "col": 3,
-                    "kind": "avg"
-                  }
-                ],
-                "output_names": [
-                  "avg(metrics.latency)"
-                ],
-                "reduction": {
-                  "Reduce": [
-                    1
-                  ]
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "relation",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "service",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": "metrics"
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "avg(metrics.latency)",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Project": {
-                "child": 4,
-                "cols": [
-                  {
-                    "alias": null,
-                    "expr": {
-                      "Column": 0
-                    }
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "alias": null,
-                    "expr": {
-                      "Column": 1
-                    }
-                  }
-                ],
-                "qualifier": null
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "relation",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "service",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "avg(metrics.latency)",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
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-          "30": {
-            "cost": 0.3,
-            "detail": "build exact Rate accumulator into 1000 states: 300000 rows x depth 1",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "31": {
-            "cost": 0.001,
-            "detail": "finalize 1000 accumulators",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "32": {
-            "cost": 0.01,
-            "detail": "sort 1000 rows in 1 partitions",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "33": {
-            "cost": 9.999999999999999e-6,
-            "detail": "limit to 10 rows",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "34": {
-            "cost": 9.999999999999999e-6,
-            "detail": "operator: pass 10 rows",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "4": {
-            "cost": 0.00009999999999999999,
-            "detail": "operator: pass 100 rows",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "5": {
-            "cost": 0.39599999999999996,
-            "detail": "scan 60000 samples",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "6": {
-            "cost": 0.06,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 100 states: 60000 rows x depth 1",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "7": {
-            "cost": 0.00009999999999999999,
-            "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "8": {
-            "cost": 0.06,
-            "detail": "build exact Count accumulator into 100 states: 60000 rows x depth 1",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "9": {
-            "cost": 0.00009999999999999999,
-            "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          }
-        },
-        "source": "analytical-cost-v1 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 5.723229999999998,
-        "unit": "cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation"
-      }
-    },
-    "rejected": [
-      {
-        "id": "P2",
-        "reason": "q5: CmsWithHeap needs non-negative update weights, and these are not proven non-negative",
-        "valid": false
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "P3",
-        "reason": "q5: the output has no guarantee, and the deployment has no evidence that it meets target Epsilon(0.01)",
-        "valid": false
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "P4",
-        "reason": "costlier: 5.723 vs 5.483 cpu_ms_per_workload_evaluation",
-        "valid": true
-      }
-    ],
-    "selected": "P1"
-  },
-  "workload": {
-    "queries": [
-      {
-        "id": "count_by_service",
-        "language": "sql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": {
-            "epsilon": 0.01
-          }
-        },
-        "text": "SELECT service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics GROUP BY service"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "avg_latency",
-        "language": "sql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": {
-            "epsilon": 0.01
-          }
-        },
-        "text": "SELECT service, AVG(latency) FROM metrics GROUP BY service"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q3",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": {
-            "epsilon": 0.01
-          }
-        },
-        "text": "topk(5, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q6",
-        "language": "sql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": {
-            "epsilon": 0.01
-          }
-        },
-        "text": "SELECT metrics.service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics JOIN hosts ON metrics.service = hosts.service GROUP BY metrics.service"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q4",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": {
-            "epsilon": 0.01
-          }
-        },
-        "text": "topk(10, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-}
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/editor.js b/tools/dag-viewer/editor.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ee543559
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/editor.js
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+// Query editor: plans SQL and PromQL queries through the local server's
+// /api/plan (server.py runs `stage_pipeline`) and shows the resulting stage
+// document. SQL queries read the tables declared here.
+(function () {
+  const $ = (id) => document.getElementById(id);
+  const escapeHtml = (s) => String(s).replace(/[&<>"]/g, (c) => ({ '&': '&amp;', '<': '&lt;', '>': '&gt;', '"': '&quot;' }[c]));
+  const plannerRows = $('plannerRows');
+  const plannerStatus = $('plannerStatus');
+  const schemaRows = $('schemaRows');
+
+  function addSchemaRow(schema = {}) {
+    const row = document.createElement('div');
+    row.className = 'schemaRow';
+    row.innerHTML = `
+      <input class="schemaInclude" type="checkbox" checked title="Include this table in the SQL catalog" />
+      <input class="schemaName" value="${escapeHtml(schema.name || `table_${schemaRows.children.length + 1}`)}" aria-label="Table name" />
+      <textarea class="schemaColumns" rows="5" aria-label="Columns">${escapeHtml(schema.columns || 'id       INT64       NOT NULL\nvalue    FLOAT64')}</textarea>
+      <input class="schemaTimeIndex" value="${escapeHtml(schema.timeIndex ?? '')}" placeholder="time column" aria-label="Time-index column" />
+      <button class="btn schemaRemove" type="button">Remove</button>`;
+    row.querySelector('.schemaRemove').addEventListener('click', () => {
+      row.remove();
+      refreshSchemaSelectors();
+    });
+    row.querySelectorAll('input, textarea').forEach((input) => input.addEventListener('input', refreshSchemaSelectors));
+    schemaRows.appendChild(row);
+    refreshSchemaSelectors();
+  }
+
+  function enabledSchemaNames() {
+    return Array.from(schemaRows.querySelectorAll('.schemaRow'))
+      .filter((row) => row.querySelector('.schemaInclude').checked)
+      .map((row) => row.querySelector('.schemaName').value.trim())
+      .filter(Boolean);
+  }
+
+  function refreshSchemaSelectors() {
+    const names = enabledSchemaNames();
+    plannerRows.querySelectorAll('.plannerRow').forEach((row) => {
+      const container = row.querySelector('.plannerSchemas');
+      const previous = new Set(Array.from(container.querySelectorAll('input:checked')).map((input) => input.value));
+      const promql = row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').value === 'promql';
+      container.innerHTML = promql
+        ? '<span>Metric schema (inferred)</span>'
+        : names.map((name) => `<label><input type="checkbox" value="${escapeHtml(name)}" ${previous.has(name) ? 'checked' : ''}/>${escapeHtml(name)}</label>`).join('');
+    });
+  }
+
+  function parseSchemaRow(row) {
+    const columns = row.querySelector('.schemaColumns').value.split(/[\n,]+/).map((raw) => raw.trim()).filter(Boolean).map((raw) => {
+      const compact = raw.match(/^([^:\s]+):([a-zA-Z0-9]+)(!)?$/);
+      if (compact) return { name: compact[1], type: compact[2], nullable: !compact[3] };
+      const readable = raw.match(/^(\S+)\s+(\S+?)(?:\s+(NOT\s+NULL|NULL))?$/i);
+      if (!readable) throw new Error(`Invalid column ${raw}; use "name TYPE [NOT NULL]"`);
+      return {
+        name: readable[1],
+        type: readable[2],
+        nullable: !readable[3] || readable[3].toUpperCase() === 'NULL',
+      };
+    });
+    const timeName = row.querySelector('.schemaTimeIndex').value.trim();
+    const timeIndex = timeName ? columns.findIndex((column) => column.name === timeName) : -1;
+    if (timeName && timeIndex < 0) throw new Error(`Time column ${timeName} is not in the column list`);
+    return {
+      name: row.querySelector('.schemaName').value.trim(),
+      columns,
+      ...(timeIndex >= 0 ? { time_index: timeIndex } : {}),
+    };
+  }
+
+  function addPlannerRow(query = {}) {
+    const row = document.createElement('div');
+    row.className = 'plannerRow';
+    row.innerHTML = `
+      <input class="plannerInclude" type="checkbox" checked title="Include in workload" />
+      <input class="plannerName" value="${escapeHtml(query.name || `q${plannerRows.children.length + 1}`)}" aria-label="Query name" />
+      <select class="plannerLanguage" aria-label="Language"><option value="sql">SQL</option><option value="promql">PromQL</option></select>
+      <div class="plannerSchemas" aria-label="Input schemas"></div>
+      <textarea class="plannerText" aria-label="Query text" rows="2">${escapeHtml(query.text || 'SELECT service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics GROUP BY service')}</textarea>
+      <button class="btn plannerRemove" type="button">Remove</button>`;
+    row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').value = query.language || 'sql';
+    row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').addEventListener('change', refreshSchemaSelectors);
+    row.querySelector('.plannerRemove').addEventListener('click', () => row.remove());
+    plannerRows.appendChild(row);
+    refreshSchemaSelectors();
+    (query.schemas || (query.schema ? [query.schema] : [])).forEach((name) => {
+      const checkbox = Array.from(row.querySelectorAll('.plannerSchemas input')).find((input) => input.value === name);
+      if (checkbox) checkbox.checked = true;
+    });
+  }
+
+  $('editorToggle').addEventListener('click', () => {
+    const open = $('editor').hidden;
+    $('editor').hidden = !open;
+    $('editorToggle').setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(open));
+  });
+  $('plannerAdd').addEventListener('click', () => addPlannerRow({ text: '' }));
+  $('schemaAdd').addEventListener('click', () => addSchemaRow());
+  $('plannerRun').addEventListener('click', async () => {
+    const rows = Array.from(plannerRows.querySelectorAll('.plannerRow')).filter((row) => row.querySelector('.plannerInclude').checked);
+    const queries = rows.map((row) => ({
+      name: row.querySelector('.plannerName').value,
+      language: row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').value,
+      schemas: Array.from(row.querySelectorAll('.plannerSchemas input:checked')).map((input) => input.value),
+      text: row.querySelector('.plannerText').value,
+    }));
+    plannerStatus.textContent = 'Running stage_pipeline (Stage 0 query-language frontends → Stage 3 plan selection)…';
+    $('plannerRun').disabled = true;
+    let response = null;
+    try {
+      response = await fetch('/api/plan', {
+        method: 'POST',
+        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+        body: JSON.stringify({
+          queries,
+          schemas: Array.from(schemaRows.querySelectorAll('.schemaRow'))
+            .filter((row) => row.querySelector('.schemaInclude').checked)
+            .map(parseSchemaRow),
+          epsilon: Number($('plannerEpsilon').value),
+        }),
+      });
+      const result = await response.json();
+      if (!response.ok) throw new Error(result.error || `HTTP ${response.status}`);
+      const count = queries.length;
+      if (!window.StageViewer.showDocument(result, `editor · ${count} quer${count === 1 ? 'y' : 'ies'}`)) {
+        throw new Error('the viewer could not show the planner output (see above)');
+      }
+      const selection = result.stage3_plan_selection;
+      const cost = selection.costs[selection.selected];
+      plannerStatus.textContent = selection.selected
+        ? `Stage 3 selected ${selection.selected} (cost ${cost.total} ${cost.unit}) of ${result.stage1_logical_asap_optimization.combinations} candidates.`
+        : `Stage 3 selected no plan: ${selection.error || result.stage1_logical_asap_optimization.error || selection.rejected.map((r) => `${r.id}: ${r.reason}`).join('; ')}`;
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Without a response the page is not served by server.py.
+      plannerStatus.textContent = response
+        ? `Planning failed: ${error.message}`
+        : `Planning failed: ${error.message}. Start this page with server.py.`;
+    } finally {
+      $('plannerRun').disabled = false;
+    }
+  });
+
+  addSchemaRow({
+    name: 'metrics',
+    columns: 'ts         TIMESTAMP   NOT NULL\nservice    UTF8        NOT NULL\nregion     UTF8        NOT NULL\nlatency    FLOAT64     NOT NULL\nbytes      INT64       NOT NULL',
+    timeIndex: 'ts',
+  });
+  addSchemaRow({
+    name: 'hosts',
+    columns: 'service    UTF8        NOT NULL\nregion     UTF8        NOT NULL',
+  });
+  addPlannerRow({ name: 'count_by_service', schemas: ['metrics'] });
+  addPlannerRow({ name: 'avg_latency', schemas: ['metrics'], text: 'SELECT service, AVG(latency) FROM metrics GROUP BY service' });
+  addPlannerRow({
+    name: 'q3',
+    language: 'promql',
+    text: 'topk(5, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))',
+  });
+  addPlannerRow({
+    name: 'q6',
+    language: 'sql',
+    schemas: ['metrics', 'hosts'],
+    text: 'SELECT metrics.service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics JOIN hosts ON metrics.service = hosts.service GROUP BY metrics.service',
+  });
+  addPlannerRow({
+    name: 'q4',
+    language: 'promql',
+    text: 'topk(10, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))',
+  });
+})();
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/examples.json b/tools/dag-viewer/examples.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8b9ddac2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/examples.json
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+[
+  {
+    "id": "example1",
+    "name": "1 · dashboard panels",
+    "example": "planner-layering-1",
+    "file": "out/example1.json",
+    "story": "Two PromQL panels over the last minute, every 10 s: Q1 the exact per-job request rate, Q2 the top-10 series per job within ε = 0.01, δ = 0.001 and 100 ms."
+  },
+  {
+    "id": "example3a",
+    "name": "3a · historical p99 batch",
+    "example": "planner-layering-3a",
+    "file": "out/example3a.json",
+    "story": "An ad hoc batch of five p99 reports over historical intervals of 1 to 5 years, run once."
+  },
+  {
+    "id": "example3b",
+    "name": "3b · live p99 panel",
+    "example": "planner-layering-3b",
+    "file": "out/example3b.json",
+    "story": "A p99 panel over the last 5 min, every minute, within 200 ms."
+  }
+]
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/examples/scalar-queries.json b/tools/dag-viewer/examples/scalar-queries.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d861ee4f..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/examples/scalar-queries.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2802 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "format": "asap-stage-pipeline/v1",
-  "stage0_query_language_frontends": {
-    "dag": {
-      "nodes": [
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Scan": {
-                "predicates": [],
-                "schema": {
-                  "closed": false,
-                  "fields": [
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "timestamp"
-                      },
-                      "name": "ts",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "float64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "value",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "time_index": 0,
-                  "unique_keys": []
-                },
-                "source": {
-                  "TimeSeries": {
-                    "metric": "m"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": false,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": []
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "TimeRange": {
-                "child": 0,
-                "kind": "instant",
-                "range": {
-                  "nanos": 0,
-                  "secs": 15
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": false,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": []
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Aggregate": {
-                "child": 1,
-                "filters": [],
-                "having": null,
-                "measures": [
-                  {
-                    "col": null,
-                    "kind": "sum"
-                  }
-                ],
-                "output_names": [
-                  ""
-                ],
-                "reduction": {
-                  "Reduce": []
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "sum",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": []
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Scan": {
-                "predicates": [],
-                "schema": {
-                  "closed": true,
-                  "fields": [
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "timestamp"
-                      },
-                      "name": "ts",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "float64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "value",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "time_index": 0,
-                  "unique_keys": [
-                    [
-                      2,
-                      0
-                    ]
-                  ]
-                },
-                "source": {
-                  "TimeSeries": {
-                    "metric": "n"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                2,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "TimeRange": {
-                "child": 3,
-                "kind": "instant",
-                "range": {
-                  "nanos": 0,
-                  "secs": 15
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "utf8"
-                },
-                "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": 0,
-            "unique_keys": [
-              [
-                2,
-                0
-              ]
-            ]
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Aggregate": {
-                "child": 4,
-                "filters": [],
-                "having": null,
-                "measures": [
-                  {
-                    "col": null,
-                    "kind": "sum"
-                  }
-                ],
-                "output_names": [
-                  ""
-                ],
-                "reduction": {
-                  "Reduce": []
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "sum",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              }
-            ],
-            "time_index": null,
-            "unique_keys": []
-          },
-          "timing": null
-        },
-        {
-          "guarantee": null,
-          "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-          "operator": {
-            "NonASAP": {
-              "Scan": {
-                "predicates": [],
-                "schema": {
-                  "closed": true,
-                  "fields": [
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "timestamp"
-                      },
-                      "name": "ts",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "float64"
-                      },
-                      "name": "value",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "job",
-                      "nullable": true,
-                      "table": null
-                    },
-                    {
-                      "dtype": {
-                        "Plain": "utf8"
-                      },
-                      "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                      "nullable": false,
-                      "table": null
-                    }
-                  ],
-                  "time_index": 0,
-                  "unique_keys": [
-                    [
-                      3,
-                      0
-                    ]
-                  ]
-                },
-                "source": {
-                  "TimeSeries": {
-                    "metric": "k"
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "result_kind": "instant_vector",
-          "schema": {
-            "closed": true,
-            "fields": [
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "timestamp"
-                },
-                "name": "ts",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
-              {
-                "dtype": {
-                  "Plain": "float64"
-                },
-                "name": "value",
-                "nullable": false,
-                "table": null
-              },
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-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
-            {
-              "guarantee": {
-                "bound": {
-                  "op": "zero"
-                },
-                "failure_probability": {
-                  "op": "zero"
-                },
-                "metric": "absolute_value",
-                "provenance": [
-                  {
-                    "kind": "exact",
-                    "reason": "exact over exact inputs"
-                  }
-                ]
-              },
-              "id": 9,
-              "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "timestamp"
-                    },
-                    "name": "ts",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "value",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "$promql_series_identity",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  }
-                ],
-                "time_index": 0,
-                "unique_keys": [
-                  [
-                    3,
-                    0
-                  ]
-                ]
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "NonASAP": {
-                  "TimeRange": {
-                    "child": 8,
-                    "kind": "instant",
-                    "range": {
-                      "nanos": 0,
-                      "secs": 15
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
-            {
-              "guarantee": null,
-              "id": 10,
-              "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "name": "state",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  }
-                ],
-                "time_index": null,
-                "unique_keys": [
-                  [
-                    0
-                  ]
-                ]
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "SummaryState",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "SummaryAgg": {
-                    "child": 9,
-                    "family": {
-                      "ExactAggregate": [
-                        "Sum",
-                        "Sum"
-                      ]
-                    },
-                    "filter": null,
-                    "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
-                    "input": {
-                      "item": null,
-                      "weight": {
-                        "Column": "SampleValue"
-                      },
-                      "weight_domain": {
-                        "kind": "unknown_or_signed"
-                      }
-                    },
-                    "reduction": {
-                      "Reduce": [
-                        2
-                      ]
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            },
-            {
-              "guarantee": {
-                "bound": {
-                  "op": "zero"
-                },
-                "failure_probability": {
-                  "op": "zero"
-                },
-                "metric": "absolute_value",
-                "provenance": [
-                  {
-                    "kind": "exact",
-                    "reason": "exact accumulator over exact input"
-                  }
-                ]
-              },
-              "id": 11,
-              "materialization": "NotMaterialized",
-              "output_schema": {
-                "closed": true,
-                "fields": [
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "utf8"
-                    },
-                    "name": "job",
-                    "nullable": true,
-                    "table": null
-                  },
-                  {
-                    "dtype": {
-                      "Plain": "float64"
-                    },
-                    "name": "sum",
-                    "nullable": false,
-                    "table": null
-                  }
-                ],
-                "time_index": null,
-                "unique_keys": [
-                  [
-                    0
-                  ]
-                ]
-              },
-              "output_state": {
-                "primitive": "Raw",
-                "timing": "query_time"
-              },
-              "payload": {
-                "ASAP": {
-                  "FinalizeExactAccumulator": {
-                    "child": 10
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          ],
-          "roots": [
-            7,
-            11
-          ],
-          "scalar_roots": [
-            [
-              0,
-              {
-                "PromqlScalarFromVector": 3
-              }
-            ],
-            [
-              2,
-              "EvalTimestamp"
-            ],
-            [
-              4,
-              {
-                "Literal": {
-                  "Float64": 3.0
-                }
-              }
-            ]
-          ]
-        },
-        "display_name": "Q1 exact (Sum acc) · Q2 exact (Sum acc) · Q3 exact · Q4 exact (Sum acc) · Q5 exact",
-        "from_logical": "L1",
-        "id": "P1"
-      }
-    ],
-    "pruned": []
-  },
-  "stage3_plan_selection": {
-    "costs": {
-      "P1": {
-        "per_node": {
-          "0": {
-            "cost": 0.000010833333333333334,
-            "detail": "scan 15000 samples; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "1": {
-            "cost": 4.166666666666667e-6,
-            "detail": "time range 15s: pass 15000 rows; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "10": {
-            "cost": 4.166666666666667e-6,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 100 states: 15000 rows x depth 1; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "11": {
-            "cost": 2.7777777777777774e-8,
-            "detail": "finalize 100 accumulators; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "2": {
-            "cost": 4.166666666666667e-6,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1 states: 15000 rows x depth 1; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "3": {
-            "cost": 2.7777777777777777e-10,
-            "detail": "finalize 1 accumulators; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "4": {
-            "cost": 0.0000175,
-            "detail": "scan 15000 samples; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "5": {
-            "cost": 4.166666666666667e-6,
-            "detail": "time range 15s: pass 15000 rows; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "6": {
-            "cost": 4.166666666666667e-6,
-            "detail": "build exact Sum accumulator into 1 states: 15000 rows x depth 1; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "7": {
-            "cost": 2.7777777777777777e-10,
-            "detail": "finalize 1 accumulators; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "8": {
-            "cost": 0.000024166666666666663,
-            "detail": "scan 15000 samples; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          },
-          "9": {
-            "cost": 4.166666666666667e-6,
-            "detail": "time range 15s: pass 15000 rows; x 0.0003/s",
-            "multiplier": 1
-          }
-        },
-        "source": "analytical-cost-v2 (illustrative statistics)",
-        "total": 0.00007752833333333333,
-        "unit": "cost_per_second"
-      }
-    },
-    "rejected": [],
-    "selected": "P1"
-  },
-  "workload": {
-    "queries": [
-      {
-        "id": "q1",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": "exact"
-        },
-        "text": "scalar(sum(m))"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q2",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": "exact"
-        },
-        "text": "sum(n)"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q3",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": "exact"
-        },
-        "text": "time()"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q4",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": "exact"
-        },
-        "text": "sum by (job) (k)"
-      },
-      {
-        "id": "q5",
-        "language": "promql",
-        "requirements": {
-          "accuracy": "exact"
-        },
-        "text": "1 + 2"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-}
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/generate-sample.sh b/tools/dag-viewer/generate-sample.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 74dfc1611..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/generate-sample.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Regenerates tools/dag-viewer/dag.example.json, the stage_pipeline document
-# the viewer opens with: the Query planner's default workload (SQL over its
-# default tables, and PromQL). Run from anywhere in the repo; edit the
-# --table/--sql/--promql lines below to try your own queries.
-set -euo pipefail
-cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../.."
-
-# --epsilon asks for an approximate accuracy target instead of the default
-# Exact, so Stage 1 has sketch candidates to offer. The document lists the
-# first 4 candidates and the selected one (display only: Stage 3 still
-# selects among all of them).
-cargo run -q -p asap-devtools --bin stage_pipeline -- \
-  --epsilon 0.01 --max-displayed 4 \
-  --table '{"name":"metrics","columns":[{"name":"ts","type":"timestamp","nullable":false},{"name":"service","type":"utf8","nullable":false},{"name":"region","type":"utf8","nullable":false},{"name":"latency","type":"float64","nullable":false},{"name":"bytes","type":"int64","nullable":false}],"time_index":0}' \
-  --table '{"name":"hosts","columns":[{"name":"service","type":"utf8","nullable":false},{"name":"region","type":"utf8","nullable":false}]}' \
-  --sql "SELECT service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics GROUP BY service" --name count_by_service \
-  --sql "SELECT service, AVG(latency) FROM metrics GROUP BY service" --name avg_latency \
-  --promql "topk(5, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))" --name q3 \
-  --sql "SELECT metrics.service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics JOIN hosts ON metrics.service = hosts.service GROUP BY metrics.service" --name q6 \
-  --promql "topk(10, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))" --name q4 \
-  --out tools/dag-viewer/dag.example.json
-
-echo "wrote tools/dag-viewer/dag.example.json"
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/index.html b/tools/dag-viewer/index.html
index 77f2da59c..23ffce129 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/index.html
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/index.html
@@ -2,483 +2,215 @@
 <html lang="en">
 <head>
 <meta charset="utf-8" />
-<title>ASAP query DAG viewer</title>
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
-<script src="dagre.min.js"></script>
-<script src="cytoscape.min.js"></script>
-<script src="cytoscape-dagre.js"></script>
-<script src="node-style.js"></script>
-<script src="stage-workload.js"></script>
+<title>ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer</title>
 <style>
-  :root {
-    color-scheme: light dark;
-    --bg: #ffffff;
-    --fg: #1b1f24;
-    --muted: #6b7280;
-    --panel: #f6f7f9;
-    --panel2: #f0f2f5;
-    --border: #d9dce1;
-    --accent: #2563eb;
-  }
-  @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
-    :root {
-      --bg: #14161a;
-      --fg: #e6e8eb;
-      --muted: #9aa1ab;
-      --panel: #1d2025;
-      --panel2: #23262c;
-      --border: #333740;
-      --accent: #5b8def;
-    }
-  }
-  * { box-sizing: border-box; }
-  html, body { height: 100%; }
-  body {
-    margin: 0;
-    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
-    background: var(--bg);
-    color: var(--fg);
-    display: flex;
-    flex-direction: column;
-  }
-  header {
-    display: flex;
-    align-items: center;
-    gap: 1rem;
-    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
-    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
-    flex-wrap: wrap;
-  }
-  header h1 {
-    font-size: 0.95rem;
-    font-weight: 600;
-    margin: 0;
-    white-space: nowrap;
-  }
-  #dropzone {
-    border: 1px dashed var(--border);
-    border-radius: 999px;
-    padding: 0.35rem 0.9rem;
-    font-size: 0.8rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-    cursor: pointer;
-    transition: border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, color 0.15s ease-in-out;
-  }
-  #dropzone.dragover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }
-  #fileInput { display: none; }
-  .btn {
-    font-size: 0.78rem;
-    font-weight: 650;
-    padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
-    border-radius: 999px;
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    background: var(--panel2);
-    color: var(--fg);
-    cursor: pointer;
-    transition: border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out, background 0.15s ease-in-out;
-  }
-  .btn:hover, .btn.active {
-    border-color: var(--accent);
-    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 15%, transparent);
-  }
-  label.toggle {
-    font-size: 0.8rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-    display: flex;
-    align-items: center;
-    gap: 0.35rem;
-    white-space: nowrap;
-  }
-  /* The bulk-selection chip sits outside the scrolling strip: with fifty
-     queries, a control inside #tabs would be scrolled off exactly when it is
-     most needed. */
-  #tabsRow {
-    display: flex;
-    align-items: flex-end;
-    gap: 0.25rem;
-    padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem 0;
-    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
-  }
-  #tabs {
-    display: flex;
-    gap: 0.25rem;
-    overflow-x: auto;
-    flex: 1;
-    /* Without this the flex child refuses to shrink and the strip never
-       scrolls -- it pushes the row wider instead. */
-    min-width: 0;
-  }
-  .tab {
-    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
-    font-size: 0.82rem;
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    border-bottom: none;
-    border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
-    background: var(--panel);
-    color: var(--muted);
-    cursor: pointer;
-    white-space: nowrap;
-  }
-  .tab.active { color: var(--fg); background: var(--bg); font-weight: 600; }
-  .tab.checkTab { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.35rem; cursor: default; }
-  .tab.checkTab input { cursor: pointer; }
-  .tab.allTab { font-weight: 600; }
-  .tab.allTab[hidden] { display: none; }
-  .modeToggle { display: flex; gap: 0.3rem; }
-  #plannerPanel {
-    display: none;
-    padding: 0.65rem 0.75rem;
-    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
-    background: var(--panel);
-  }
-  #plannerPanel.visible { display: block; }
-  #plannerRows { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.45rem; }
-  .plannerRow { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 130px 80px 150px minmax(280px, 1fr) auto; gap: 0.45rem; align-items: center; }
-  .plannerRow input, .plannerRow select, .plannerRow textarea, #plannerEpsilon,
-  .schemaRow input, .schemaRow textarea {
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    border-radius: 6px;
-    background: var(--bg);
-    color: var(--fg);
-    padding: 0.35rem 0.45rem;
-    font: inherit;
-  }
-  .plannerRow textarea { resize: vertical; font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; font-size: 0.75rem; }
-  .plannerSchemas { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:.2rem .45rem; font-size:.68rem; color:var(--muted); }
-  .plannerSchemas label { display:flex; align-items:center; gap:.15rem; }
-  .schemaEditor { margin-bottom: 0.75rem; padding-bottom: 0.7rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
-  .schemaEditorHead { display:flex; align-items:center; gap:.6rem; margin-bottom:.45rem; }
-  .schemaEditorHead h2 { margin:0; font-size:.8rem; }
-  #schemaRows { display:flex; flex-direction:column; gap:.4rem; }
-  .schemaRow { display:grid; grid-template-columns:auto 150px minmax(360px,1fr) 105px auto; gap:.45rem; align-items:center; }
-  .schemaRow textarea { resize:vertical; font: .72rem ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; }
-  .schemaHint { color:var(--muted); font-size:.7rem; }
-  .plannerActions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 0.55rem; }
-  #plannerStatus { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.75rem; }
-  #scopePicker {
-    display: none;
-    flex-wrap: wrap;
-    gap: 0.6rem 1.2rem;
-    padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem;
-    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
-    background: var(--panel);
-  }
-  #scopePicker.visible { display: flex; }
-  .scopeGroup { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.3rem; min-width: 220px; }
-  .scopeGroupLabel {
-    font-size: 0.72rem;
-    text-transform: uppercase;
-    letter-spacing: .03em;
-    color: var(--muted);
-  }
-  .scopeRow {
-    display: flex;
-    align-items: center;
-    gap: 0.5rem;
-    padding: 0.35rem 0.6rem;
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    border-radius: 8px;
-    background: var(--panel2);
-    color: var(--fg);
-    font: inherit;
-    font-size: 0.78rem;
-    text-align: left;
-  }
-  .scopeRow.active {
-    border-color: var(--accent);
-    background: var(--bg);
-    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 15%, transparent);
-  }
-  .scopeRow .scopeMeta { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.72rem; margin-left: auto; white-space: nowrap; }
-  .candidateTable { border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.72rem; width: 100%; }
-  .candidateTable th, .candidateTable td { text-align: left; padding: 0.15rem 0.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); vertical-align: top; }
-  .candidateTable th { color: var(--muted); font-weight: 600; }
-  .candidate--selected td { font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); }
-  .candidate--rejected td, .candidate--pruned td, .candidate--composition-error td { color: var(--muted); }
-  .proxyNote {
-    font-size: 0.72rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-    white-space: nowrap;
-  }
-  .modeHint {
-    position: absolute;
-    inset: 0;
-    display: none;
-    align-items: center;
-    justify-content: center;
-    color: var(--muted);
-    font-size: 0.9rem;
-    text-align: center;
-    padding: 2rem;
-    background: var(--bg);
-  }
-  #main {
-    flex: 1;
-    display: flex;
-    min-height: 0;
-  }
-  #cyOuter {
-    flex: 1;
-    min-width: 0;
-    position: relative;
-  }
-  #cy { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
-  #empty {
-    flex: 1;
-    display: flex;
-    align-items: center;
-    justify-content: center;
-    color: var(--muted);
-    font-size: 0.9rem;
-    text-align: center;
-    padding: 2rem;
-  }
-  .toolbar {
-    position: absolute;
-    top: 10px;
-    left: 10px;
-    right: 10px;
-    display: flex;
-    gap: 8px;
-    align-items: center;
-    justify-content: space-between;
-    z-index: 4;
-    pointer-events: none;
-  }
-  .toolbar > * { pointer-events: auto; }
-  .pill, .zoomControls {
-    background: var(--bg);
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(15, 23, 42, .12);
-  }
-  .pill {
-    border-radius: 999px;
-    padding: 0.4rem 0.7rem;
-    font-size: 0.78rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-  }
-  .zoomControls {
-    display: flex;
-    gap: 6px;
-    align-items: center;
-    border-radius: 999px;
-    padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
-  }
-  .zoomControls input { width: 100px; }
-  .zoomLabel {
-    font-size: 0.75rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-    min-width: 36px;
-    text-align: right;
-  }
-  #sidepanel {
-    width: 340px;
-    min-width: 260px;
-    max-width: 70vw;
-    flex-shrink: 0;
-    border-left: 1px solid var(--border);
-    background: var(--panel);
-    overflow-y: auto;
-    font-size: 0.8rem;
-  }
-  #sideResizeHandle {
-    width: 6px;
-    flex: 0 0 6px;
-    cursor: col-resize;
-    background: transparent;
-    border-left: 1px solid var(--border);
-    touch-action: none;
-  }
-  #sideResizeHandle:hover, #sideResizeHandle.dragging {
-    background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 22%, transparent);
-    border-left-color: var(--accent);
-  }
-  #sidepanel .section {
-    padding: 0.8rem;
-    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
-  }
-  #sidepanel h2 {
-    font-size: 0.78rem;
-    text-transform: uppercase;
-    letter-spacing: .04em;
-    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-  }
-  .chip {
-    display: inline-block;
-    font-size: 0.7rem;
-    font-weight: 650;
-    border-radius: 999px;
-    padding: 0.1rem 0.55rem;
-    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
-    border: 1px solid currentColor;
-  }
-  .rootNote, .shared-note {
-    font-size: 0.75rem;
-    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
-  }
-  .rootNote { color: var(--cat-output-border, #b42318); }
-  .shared-note { color: var(--accent); }
-  .notesBlock { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
-  .notesBlock h3 {
-    font-size: 0.72rem;
-    text-transform: uppercase;
-    letter-spacing: .03em;
-    margin: 0 0 0.3rem;
-    color: var(--muted);
-  }
-  .noteItem {
-    border-left: 3px solid var(--border);
-    padding: 0.15rem 0 0.15rem 0.5rem;
-    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
-  }
-  .noteKind { font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 700; }
-  .noteReason { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--fg); margin-top: 0.15rem; }
-  .translationBlock {
-    margin: 0.65rem 0;
-    padding: 0.55rem;
-    border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 45%, var(--border));
-    border-radius: 8px;
-    background: var(--bg);
-  }
-  .translationBlock h3, .detailSubhead {
-    margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
-    font-size: 0.72rem;
-    text-transform: uppercase;
-    letter-spacing: .03em;
-    color: var(--muted);
-  }
-  .detailSubhead { margin-top: 0.65rem; }
-  #detailSection pre {
-    white-space: pre-wrap;
-    word-break: break-word;
-    background: var(--bg);
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    border-radius: 8px;
-    padding: 0.55rem;
-    margin: 0;
-    font-size: 0.72rem;
-  }
-  #detailSection .placeholder { color: var(--muted); }
-  .code {
-    white-space: pre-wrap;
-    word-break: break-word;
-    background: var(--bg);
-    color: var(--fg);
-    border: 1px solid var(--border);
-    border-radius: 8px;
-    padding: 0.55rem;
-    margin: 0;
-    font: 0.7rem/1.4 ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
-    max-height: 260px;
-    overflow: auto;
-  }
-  .code.placeholder { color: var(--muted); font-family: inherit; }
-  .legend { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 7px; }
-  .leg { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 8px; font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--fg); }
-  .leg .swatch {
-    width: 16px;
-    height: 16px;
-    border-radius: 5px;
-    flex-shrink: 0;
-    margin-top: 1px;
-    border: 1.5px solid;
-  }
-  .leg .swatchLabel { font-weight: 650; }
-  .leg .swatchDesc { color: var(--muted); display: block; }
-  .leg .swatch.ring { background: transparent; border-radius: 999px; border-width: 2px; }
-
+:root {
+  --bg: #f3f4f7;
+  --panel: #ffffff;
+  --panel-2: #eceef3;
+  --line: #d5d9e2;
+  --fg: #161b26;
+  --muted: #5b6375;
+  --accent: #2b4fb8;
+  --accent-soft: #e3e9fb;
+  --ok: #1f7a4d;
+  --ok-soft: #e1f2e9;
+  --bad: #b3261e;
+  --bad-soft: #fbe5e3;
+  --warn: #8a5a00;
+  --warn-soft: #f7ecd6;
+  --cat-source: #dfe7f5;
+  --cat-source-line: #6f86b4;
+  --cat-rel: #f0f1f4;
+  --cat-rel-line: #8a91a3;
+  --cat-summary: #ece4f8;
+  --cat-summary-line: #7a5ab5;
+  --cat-scalar: #f6f4ef;
+  --cat-scalar-line: #8a7f6a;
+  --edge: #9aa1b2;
+  --font-display: "IBM Plex Sans Condensed", "Arial Narrow", system-ui, sans-serif;
+  --font-body: "IBM Plex Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
+  --font-mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, monospace;
+}
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
+    --bg: #11141b; --panel: #181c25; --panel-2: #1f2430; --line: #2e3443; --fg: #e6e9f0; --muted: #9aa2b4;
+    --accent: #8ea8ff; --accent-soft: #232c49; --ok: #6fd3a0; --ok-soft: #173326; --bad: #ff8f86; --bad-soft: #3a1d1b;
+    --warn: #e8bd6a; --warn-soft: #3a2e14; --cat-source: #1f2a40; --cat-source-line: #6f8cc8; --cat-rel: #232833;
+    --cat-rel-line: #7c849a; --cat-summary: #2c2340; --cat-summary-line: #a88be0; --cat-scalar: #26241f; --cat-scalar-line: #b3a88f; --edge: #5f6780; color-scheme: dark;
+  }
+}
+:root[data-theme="dark"] {
+  --bg: #11141b; --panel: #181c25; --panel-2: #1f2430; --line: #2e3443; --fg: #e6e9f0; --muted: #9aa2b4;
+  --accent: #8ea8ff; --accent-soft: #232c49; --ok: #6fd3a0; --ok-soft: #173326; --bad: #ff8f86; --bad-soft: #3a1d1b;
+  --warn: #e8bd6a; --warn-soft: #3a2e14; --cat-source: #1f2a40; --cat-source-line: #6f8cc8; --cat-rel: #232833;
+  --cat-rel-line: #7c849a; --cat-summary: #2c2340; --cat-summary-line: #a88be0; --cat-scalar: #26241f; --cat-scalar-line: #b3a88f; --edge: #5f6780; color-scheme: dark;
+}
+* { box-sizing: border-box; }
+body { margin: 0; background: var(--bg); color: var(--fg); font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.45; }
+.wrap { padding-inline: 16px; padding-block: 18px 32px; max-width: 1920px; margin-inline: auto; display: grid; gap: 16px; }
+header { display: grid; gap: 10px; }
+h1 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 600; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: 0.01em; margin: 0; text-wrap: balance; }
+.lede { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); max-width: 78ch; }
+.queries { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
+.query { background: var(--panel); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 8px 10px; display: grid; gap: 4px; min-width: 0; max-width: 100%; }
+.query code { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 12.5px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
+.qid { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; font-size: 12px; color: var(--accent); }
+.req { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+.stages { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; align-items: center; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12.5px; }
+.stages b { color: var(--fg); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-weight: 500; }
+.main { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 340px) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px; align-items: start; }
+.panel { background: var(--panel); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 10px; min-width: 0; }
+.panel-head { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 8px; padding: 10px 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); flex-wrap: wrap; }
+.eyebrow { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.07em; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); }
+.panel-head h2 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 600; font-size: 16px; margin: 0; }
+.rank-panel { position: sticky; top: 12px; }
+.rank { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 6px; max-height: calc(100vh - 120px); overflow-y: auto; display: grid; gap: 4px; }
+.rank button { width: 100%; text-align: left; font: inherit; color: inherit; background: transparent; border: 1px solid transparent; border-radius: 8px; padding: 8px 10px; cursor: pointer; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 34px minmax(0,1fr) auto; gap: 2px 8px; align-items: baseline; }
+.rank button:hover { background: var(--panel-2); }
+.rank button[aria-pressed="true"] { border-color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); }
+.rank button:focus-visible, select:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
+.pid { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-weight: 500; }
+.plabel { min-width: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
+.ptotal { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; text-align: right; }
+.pstatus { grid-column: 2 / 4; display: flex; gap: 6px; align-items: baseline; flex-wrap: wrap; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); }
+.chip { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.04em; text-transform: uppercase; border-radius: 999px; padding: 1px 8px; white-space: nowrap; }
+.chip.selected { color: var(--ok); background: var(--ok-soft); }
+.chip.invalid { color: var(--bad); background: var(--bad-soft); }
+.chip.costlier { color: var(--warn); background: var(--warn-soft); }
+/* Stage 0, 1 and 2 stack top to bottom, each as wide as the page allows. */
+.lanes { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 12px; min-width: 0; }
+.lane .panel-head { align-items: center; }
+.lane select { font: inherit; font-size: 13px; color: var(--fg); background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; padding: 4px 6px; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0; }
+.lane-meta { padding: 6px 12px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); min-height: 30px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
+.lane-meta b { color: var(--fg); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-weight: 500; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
+.cy { height: 560px; width: 100%; }
+.legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); padding: 2px 2px; }
+.swatch { display: inline-block; width: 12px; height: 12px; border-radius: 3px; vertical-align: -2px; margin-right: 5px; border: 1.5px solid; }
+.details { padding: 12px; display: grid; gap: 10px; }
+.details h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; }
+.kv { display: grid; grid-template-columns: max-content minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 4px 14px; font-size: 13px; }
+.kv dt { color: var(--muted); }
+.kv dd { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 12.5px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
+.schema { overflow-x: auto; }
+table { border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 12.5px; }
+th, td { text-align: left; padding: 4px 12px 4px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); white-space: nowrap; }
+th { color: var(--muted); font-weight: 500; }
+td { font-family: var(--font-mono); }
+details summary { cursor: pointer; color: var(--accent); font-size: 13px; }
+pre { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 12px; background: var(--panel-2); border-radius: 8px; padding: 10px; overflow-x: auto; margin: 8px 0 0; }
+.hint { color: var(--muted); margin: 0; }
+.tabs { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
+.tabs button { font: inherit; font-size: 13px; padding: 5px 11px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--panel); color: var(--fg); cursor: pointer; }
+.tabs button[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--bg); }
+.story { margin: 0; max-width: 100ch; }
+.status { color: var(--muted); }
+.error { color: var(--bad); }
+footer { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; max-width: 100ch; }
+@media (max-width: 820px) { .main { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); } .rank-panel { position: static; } .rank { max-height: 340px; } .cy { height: 460px; } }
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { * { transition: none !important; } }
+.toolbar { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; align-items: center; }
+.btn { font: inherit; font-size: 13px; padding: 5px 11px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--panel); color: var(--fg); cursor: pointer; }
+.btn:hover { background: var(--panel-2); }
+.btn[aria-pressed="true"] { border-color: var(--accent); background: var(--accent-soft); }
+.drop-active { outline: 2px dashed var(--accent); outline-offset: -8px; }
+.editor { padding: 12px; display: grid; gap: 10px; }
+.editor h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; }
+.editor .row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; align-items: center; }
+.editor input, .editor select, .editor textarea { font: inherit; font-size: 13px; color: var(--fg); background: var(--panel-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; padding: 3px 6px; min-width: 0; }
+.editor textarea { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 12.5px; resize: vertical; }
+.editor label { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); display: flex; gap: 6px; align-items: center; }
+#plannerRows, #schemaRows { display: grid; gap: 6px; }
+.plannerRow { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 130px 90px 150px minmax(0, 1fr) auto; gap: 6px; align-items: center; }
+.plannerSchemas { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 2px 8px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); }
+.schemaRow { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 150px minmax(0, 1fr) 110px auto; gap: 6px; align-items: center; }
+.hint-inline { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+@media (max-width: 820px) { .plannerRow, .schemaRow { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); } }
 </style>
 </head>
 <body>
-
-<header>
-  <h1>ASAP query DAG viewer</h1>
-  <div id="dropzone">Drop a stage_pipeline document here, or click to choose one</div>
-  <input id="fileInput" type="file" accept="application/json" />
-  <div class="modeToggle" id="modeToggle">
-    <button class="btn active" type="button" disabled>Pre/Post-ASAP</button>
-  </div>
-  <button class="btn" id="plannerToggle">Query editor</button>
-  <button class="btn" id="clearBtn">Clear all</button>
-  <label class="toggle">
-    <input id="highlightToggle" type="checkbox" checked />
-    Highlight shared sub-DAGs
-  </label>
-  <span class="proxyNote">Click an edge to inspect its schema</span>
-</header>
-
-<div id="plannerPanel">
-  <div class="schemaEditor">
-    <div class="schemaEditorHead">
-      <h2>Input table schemas</h2>
-      <button class="btn" id="schemaAdd" type="button">Add table schema</button>
-      <span class="schemaHint">One column per line: name TYPE [NOT NULL]. PromQL schemas are inferred from metric usage.</span>
+<div class="wrap">
+  <header>
+    <h1>ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer</h1>
+    <p class="lede">The planner's stages for one workload: the query-language frontends lower the queries into one logical DAG (Stage 0), Pass 1 and Pass 2 propose logical ASAP candidates (Stage 1), each becomes a physical candidate (Stage 2), and Stage 3 checks every physical candidate, prices the valid ones and selects the cheapest.</p>
+    <nav class="tabs" id="tabs" aria-label="Example"></nav>
+    <div class="toolbar">
+      <button class="btn" id="openFile" type="button">Open stage document…</button>
+      <input id="fileInput" type="file" accept="application/json" hidden />
+      <button class="btn" id="editorToggle" type="button" aria-pressed="false">Query editor</button>
+      <span class="status" id="docName"></span>
     </div>
-    <div id="schemaRows"></div>
-  </div>
-  <div id="plannerRows"></div>
-  <div class="plannerActions">
-    <button class="btn" id="plannerAdd" type="button">Add query</button>
-    <label class="toggle">epsilon <input id="plannerEpsilon" type="number" min="0.000001" max="0.999999" step="0.001" value="0.01" /></label>
-    <button class="btn" id="plannerRun" type="button">Plan selected workload</button>
-    <span id="plannerStatus">Requires the local interactive server.</span>
-  </div>
-</div>
+    <section class="panel" id="editor" aria-labelledby="editor-title" hidden>
+      <div class="panel-head"><h2 id="editor-title">Plan SQL and PromQL queries</h2><span class="eyebrow">needs the local server (server.py)</span></div>
+      <div class="editor">
+        <div class="row"><h3>Input tables</h3><button class="btn" id="schemaAdd" type="button">Add table</button>
+          <span class="hint-inline">One column per line: name TYPE [NOT NULL]. PromQL schemas are inferred from metric usage.</span></div>
+        <div id="schemaRows"></div>
+        <div class="row"><h3>Queries</h3><button class="btn" id="plannerAdd" type="button">Add query</button></div>
+        <div id="plannerRows"></div>
+        <div class="row">
+          <label>ε <input id="plannerEpsilon" type="number" min="0.000001" max="0.999999" step="0.001" value="0.01" /></label>
+          <button class="btn" id="plannerRun" type="button">Plan</button>
+          <span class="status" id="plannerStatus">Plans the checked queries as one workload.</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+    <p class="story" id="story"></p>
+    <div class="queries" id="queries"><span class="status">Pick an example, open a stage document, or plan queries in the editor.</span></div>
+    <div class="stages" id="counts"></div>
+  </header>
 
-<div id="tabsRow">
-  <label class="tab checkTab allTab" id="selectAllTab"
-         title="Select or deselect every query. Unlike Clear all, this keeps the loaded workload.">
-    <input id="selectAllToggle" type="checkbox" />
-    All
-  </label>
-  <div id="tabs"></div>
-</div>
-<div id="scopePicker"></div>
+  <div class="main">
+    <section class="panel rank-panel" aria-labelledby="rank-title">
+      <div class="panel-head"><h2 id="rank-title">Stage 3 · plans by cost</h2><span class="eyebrow" id="cost-unit"></span></div>
+      <div class="lane-meta" id="rank-meta"></div>
+      <ol class="rank" id="rank"></ol>
+    </section>
 
-<div id="main">
-  <div id="empty">
-    Load a JSON document produced by
-    <code>cargo run -p asap-devtools --bin stage_pipeline -- --promql "..." --out dag.json</code>
-    to get started.
-  </div>
-  <div id="cyOuter" style="display:none">
-    <div class="toolbar">
-      <div class="pill" id="viewTitle">Query DAG</div>
-      <div class="zoomControls">
-        <button class="btn" id="zoomOutBtn" title="Zoom out">−</button>
-        <input id="zoomSlider" type="range" min="25" max="250" value="100" />
-        <button class="btn" id="zoomInBtn" title="Zoom in">+</button>
-        <span class="zoomLabel" id="zoomLabel">100%</span>
-        <button class="btn" id="fitBtn">Fit</button>
-        <button class="btn" id="resetBtn">100%</button>
+    <div style="display:grid; gap:12px; min-width:0">
+      <div class="lanes">
+        <section class="panel lane" aria-labelledby="lane0-title">
+          <div class="panel-head"><div><div class="eyebrow">Stage 0</div><h2 id="lane0-title">Query-language frontends</h2></div></div>
+          <div class="lane-meta" id="lane0-meta"></div>
+          <div class="cy" id="cy0"></div>
+        </section>
+        <section class="panel lane" aria-labelledby="lane1-title">
+          <div class="panel-head"><div><div class="eyebrow">Stage 1</div><h2 id="lane1-title">Logical ASAP candidate</h2></div>
+            <label><span class="eyebrow" style="display:block">candidate</span><select id="pick1" aria-label="Logical ASAP candidate"></select></label></div>
+          <div class="lane-meta" id="lane1-meta"></div>
+          <div class="cy" id="cy1"></div>
+        </section>
+        <section class="panel lane" aria-labelledby="lane2-title">
+          <div class="panel-head"><div><div class="eyebrow">Stage 2 · costs from Stage 3</div><h2 id="lane2-title">Physical ASAP candidate</h2></div>
+            <label><span class="eyebrow" style="display:block">candidate</span><select id="pick2" aria-label="Physical ASAP candidate"></select></label></div>
+          <div class="lane-meta" id="lane2-meta"></div>
+          <div class="cy" id="cy2"></div>
+        </section>
       </div>
-    </div>
-    <div id="cy"></div>
-    <div id="modeHint" class="modeHint"></div>
-  </div>
-  <div id="sideResizeHandle" style="display:none" title="Drag to resize details panel"></div>
-  <div id="sidepanel" style="display:none">
-    <div class="section" id="detailSection">
-      <h2>Selected node</h2>
-      <div class="placeholder">Click a node to inspect it.</div>
-    </div>
-    <div class="section">
-      <h2>Query source</h2>
-      <pre class="code" id="sourceBox"></pre>
-    </div>
-    <div class="section">
-      <h2>Input table / metric schemas</h2>
-      <pre class="code" id="tableSchemaBox"></pre>
-    </div>
-    <div class="section">
-      <h2>Legend</h2>
-      <div class="legend" id="legendList"></div>
+      <div class="legend" aria-label="Legend">
+        <span><span class="swatch" style="background:var(--cat-source); border-color:var(--cat-source-line)"></span>data source</span>
+        <span><span class="swatch" style="background:var(--cat-rel); border-color:var(--cat-rel-line)"></span>relational operator</span>
+        <span><span class="swatch" style="background:var(--cat-summary); border-color:var(--cat-summary-line)"></span>summary operator (build, merge, estimate, finalize)</span>
+        <span><span class="swatch" style="background:var(--cat-scalar); border-color:var(--cat-scalar-line); border-style:dashed"></span>standalone scalar query</span>
+        <span><span class="swatch" style="background:transparent; border-color:var(--accent); border-width:3px"></span>query root</span>
+      </div>
+      <section class="panel" aria-labelledby="details-title">
+        <div class="panel-head"><h2 id="details-title">Details</h2><span class="eyebrow">click a node or edge</span></div>
+        <div class="details" id="details"></div>
+      </section>
     </div>
   </div>
+
+  <footer>Documents are written by the <code>stage_pipeline</code> devtool (<code>asap-stage-pipeline/v1</code>). Statistics in the examples are illustrative, so only each example's ranking is meaningful.</footer>
 </div>
 
-<script src="viewer.js"></script>
-<script src="planner-ui.js"></script>
+<script src="cytoscape.min.js"></script>
+<script src="dagre.min.js"></script>
+<script src="cytoscape-dagre.js"></script>
+<script src="node-style.js"></script>
+<script src="stages.js"></script>
+<script src="app.js"></script>
+<script src="editor.js"></script>
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/node-category-outcome.png b/tools/dag-viewer/node-category-outcome.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 51eaf198e..000000000
Binary files a/tools/dag-viewer/node-category-outcome.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/node-style.js b/tools/dag-viewer/node-style.js
index a353ac3f5..0b1adf383 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/node-style.js
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/node-style.js
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-// Operator kinds (`Operator::kind_name`) of the IR's operators. Categories describe the visible logical DAG
-// shape. They do not model hidden physical inputs: for example,
-// PromqlInfoEnrich is a one-child enrichment here even if physical costing
-// later accounts for an auxiliary source scan.
+// Operator kinds (`Operator::kind_name`) of the IR's operators, checked
+// against the IR by crates/devtools/tests/viewer_contract.rs. Categories
+// describe the visible logical DAG shape. They do not model hidden physical
+// inputs: for example, PromqlInfoEnrich is a one-child enrichment here even
+// if physical costing later accounts for an auxiliary source scan.
 const KIND_CATEGORY_JSON = `{
   "Scan": "data",
   "Values": "data",
@@ -36,135 +37,17 @@ const KIND_CATEGORY_JSON = `{
 }`;
 const KIND_CATEGORY = Object.freeze(JSON.parse(KIND_CATEGORY_JSON));
 
-// name -> { label, description, light: {bg, border}, dark: {bg, border} }
-const CATEGORIES = {
-  data: {
-    label: 'Data',
-    description: 'Scan and Values — data sources',
-    light: { bg: '#eef5fd', border: '#0369a1' },
-    dark: { bg: '#0c2438', border: '#38bdf8' },
-  },
-  filter: {
-    label: 'Filter',
-    description: 'Filter — narrows rows by a boolean predicate',
-    light: { bg: '#edf8ec', border: '#0f766e' },
-    dark: { bg: '#072a20', border: '#2dd4bf' },
-  },
-  sample: {
-    label: 'Sample',
-    description: 'PromqlSeriesSample — keeps a deterministic subset of series by quota, not by predicate',
-    light: { bg: '#fff5ea', border: '#b45309' },
-    dark: { bg: '#3a2408', border: '#fb923c' },
-  },
-  derive: {
-    label: 'Derive',
-    description: 'Project, PromqlRelabel, PromqlInfoEnrich, PromqlVectorFromScalar, BinaryOp — transforms or enriches columns on otherwise-unchanged rows',
-    light: { bg: '#f5f0fd', border: '#6d28d9' },
-    dark: { bg: '#241a3d', border: '#a78bfa' },
-  },
-  aggregate: {
-    label: 'Aggregate',
-    description: 'Aggregate — groups and reduces',
-    light: { bg: '#fffbe8', border: '#a16207' },
-    dark: { bg: '#332b05', border: '#facc15' },
-  },
-  window: {
-    label: 'Window',
-    description: 'TimeRange, PromqlSubquery, TimeShift, SQLWindowFunc — reads or positions a scoped window of rows/time around each row',
-    light: { bg: '#fdf1f6', border: '#be185d' },
-    dark: { bg: '#3a1626', border: '#f472b6' },
-  },
-  join: {
-    label: 'Join',
-    description: 'Join — combines two DAG inputs on a predicate',
-    light: { bg: '#edf9f8', border: '#15803d' },
-    dark: { bg: '#08302c', border: '#4ade80' },
-  },
-  set: {
-    label: 'Set',
-    description: 'Dedup, SetOp — enforces or computes set semantics (dedup rows, or union/intersect/except of two relations)',
-    light: { bg: '#f1efff', border: '#4f46e5' },
-    dark: { bg: '#221f3d', border: '#a5b4fc' },
-  },
-  combine: {
-    label: 'Combine',
-    description: 'Concat — concatenates n branches with no dedup (UNION ALL-shaped fan-in)',
-    light: { bg: '#f7fee7', border: '#4d7c0f' },
-    dark: { bg: '#1a2e05', border: '#a3e635' },
-  },
-  sort: {
-    label: 'Sort',
-    description: 'Sort, Limit — orders or caps rows',
-    light: { bg: '#eef4fd', border: '#1d4ed8' },
-    dark: { bg: '#12233d', border: '#60a5fa' },
-  },
-  // ASAP operators use a neutral palette.
-  summary: {
-    label: 'Summary',
-    description: 'SummaryAgg, SummaryEstimate, FinalizeExactAccumulator, MaintainPopulation, EvaluatePopulation, SummaryJoin, SummarySubtract, SummaryDelete, SummaryMerge, Extension — summary state and its evaluations',
-    light: { bg: '#f1f2f4', border: '#4b5563' },
-    dark: { bg: '#20242b', border: '#9ca3af' },
-  },
-  // Not an operator: a standalone scalar query's root (stage-workload.js).
-  scalar: {
-    label: 'Scalar query',
-    description: 'A standalone scalar query (e.g. time(), scalar(v), 1 + 2): its expression, over the operator nodes it reads',
-    light: { bg: '#fafaf9', border: '#57534e' },
-    dark: { bg: '#1c1917', border: '#d6d3d1' },
-  },
-  // Loud fallback for malformed or version-skewed exports.
-  unknown: {
-    label: 'Unknown kind',
-    description: 'A DAGNode.kind with no KIND_CATEGORY entry — update node-style.js',
-    light: { bg: '#fef2f2', border: '#b91c1c' },
-    dark: { bg: '#2a1212', border: '#f87171' },
-  },
-};
-
-for (const [kind, category] of Object.entries(KIND_CATEGORY)) {
-  if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(CATEGORIES, category)) {
-    throw new Error(`DAGNode kind ${kind} uses undeclared category ${category}`);
-  }
-}
-
-const ROOT_BADGE = {
-  label: 'Query root',
-  description: "This node is the query's output",
-  light: { border: '#b42318' },
-  dark: { border: '#f87171' },
-};
-
-function isDarkMode() {
-  return window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;
-}
-
-function categoryOf(kind) {
+// The node groups the viewer colors: data sources, summary operators
+// (build, merge, estimate, finalize), every other relational operator, and
+// `Scalar`, a standalone scalar query's root (not an operator; stages.js).
+// An unknown kind is drawn as relational and logged, not guessed silently.
+function nodeGroup(kind) {
   if (kind === 'Scalar') return 'scalar';
   const category = KIND_CATEGORY[kind];
-  if (category) return category;
-  console.warn(
-    `node-style.js: DAGNode.kind ${JSON.stringify(kind)} has no KIND_CATEGORY entry — ` +
-    'rendering as "Unknown kind" instead of silently guessing. Add an entry to KIND_CATEGORY.'
-  );
-  return 'unknown';
-}
-
-function categoryColors(name) {
-  const cat = CATEGORIES[name] || CATEGORIES.unknown;
-  return isDarkMode() ? cat.dark : cat.light;
-}
-
-function applyPaletteToCssVars() {
-  const root = document.documentElement.style;
-  for (const [name, category] of Object.entries(CATEGORIES)) {
-    const colors = isDarkMode() ? category.dark : category.light;
-    root.setProperty(`--cat-${name}-bg`, colors.bg);
-    root.setProperty(`--cat-${name}-border`, colors.border);
+  if (category === undefined) {
+    console.warn(`node-style.js: no KIND_CATEGORY entry for ${JSON.stringify(kind)}`);
+    return 'rel';
   }
-  root.setProperty('--cat-output-border', (isDarkMode() ? ROOT_BADGE.dark : ROOT_BADGE.light).border);
-}
-
-applyPaletteToCssVars();
-if (window.matchMedia) {
-  window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addEventListener('change', applyPaletteToCssVars);
+  if (category === 'data') return 'source';
+  return category === 'summary' ? 'summary' : 'rel';
 }
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/planner-ui.js b/tools/dag-viewer/planner-ui.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 6cc55c0fa..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/planner-ui.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
-const plannerPanel = document.getElementById('plannerPanel');
-const plannerRows = document.getElementById('plannerRows');
-const plannerStatus = document.getElementById('plannerStatus');
-const schemaRows = document.getElementById('schemaRows');
-
-function addSchemaRow(schema = {}) {
-  const row = document.createElement('div');
-  row.className = 'schemaRow';
-  row.innerHTML = `
-    <input class="schemaInclude" type="checkbox" checked title="Include this table in the SQL catalog" />
-    <input class="schemaName" value="${escapeHtml(schema.name || `table_${schemaRows.children.length + 1}`)}" aria-label="Table name" />
-    <textarea class="schemaColumns" rows="5" aria-label="Columns">${escapeHtml(schema.columns || 'id       INT64       NOT NULL\nvalue    FLOAT64')}</textarea>
-    <input class="schemaTimeIndex" value="${escapeHtml(schema.timeIndex ?? '')}" placeholder="time column" aria-label="Time-index column" />
-    <button class="btn schemaRemove" type="button">Remove</button>`;
-  row.querySelector('.schemaRemove').addEventListener('click', () => {
-    row.remove();
-    refreshSchemaSelectors();
-  });
-  row.querySelectorAll('input, textarea').forEach((input) => input.addEventListener('input', refreshSchemaSelectors));
-  schemaRows.appendChild(row);
-  refreshSchemaSelectors();
-}
-
-function enabledSchemaNames() {
-  return Array.from(schemaRows.querySelectorAll('.schemaRow'))
-    .filter((row) => row.querySelector('.schemaInclude').checked)
-    .map((row) => row.querySelector('.schemaName').value.trim())
-    .filter(Boolean);
-}
-
-function refreshSchemaSelectors() {
-  const names = enabledSchemaNames();
-  plannerRows.querySelectorAll('.plannerRow').forEach((row) => {
-    const container = row.querySelector('.plannerSchemas');
-    const previous = new Set(Array.from(container.querySelectorAll('input:checked')).map((input) => input.value));
-    const promql = row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').value === 'promql';
-    container.innerHTML = promql
-      ? '<span>Metric schema (inferred)</span>'
-      : names.map((name) => `<label><input type="checkbox" value="${escapeHtml(name)}" ${previous.has(name) ? 'checked' : ''}/>${escapeHtml(name)}</label>`).join('');
-  });
-}
-
-function parseSchemaRow(row) {
-  const columns = row.querySelector('.schemaColumns').value.split(/[\n,]+/).map((raw) => raw.trim()).filter(Boolean).map((raw) => {
-    const compact = raw.match(/^([^:\s]+):([a-zA-Z0-9]+)(!)?$/);
-    if (compact) return { name: compact[1], type: compact[2], nullable: !compact[3] };
-    const readable = raw.match(/^(\S+)\s+(\S+?)(?:\s+(NOT\s+NULL|NULL))?$/i);
-    if (!readable) throw new Error(`Invalid column ${raw}; use "name TYPE [NOT NULL]"`);
-    return {
-      name: readable[1],
-      type: readable[2],
-      nullable: !readable[3] || readable[3].toUpperCase() === 'NULL',
-    };
-  });
-  const timeName = row.querySelector('.schemaTimeIndex').value.trim();
-  const timeIndex = timeName ? columns.findIndex((column) => column.name === timeName) : -1;
-  if (timeName && timeIndex < 0) throw new Error(`Time column ${timeName} is not in the column list`);
-  return {
-    name: row.querySelector('.schemaName').value.trim(),
-    columns,
-    ...(timeIndex >= 0 ? { time_index: timeIndex } : {}),
-  };
-}
-
-function addPlannerRow(query = {}) {
-  const row = document.createElement('div');
-  row.className = 'plannerRow';
-  row.innerHTML = `
-    <input class="plannerInclude" type="checkbox" checked title="Include in workload" />
-    <input class="plannerName" value="${escapeHtml(query.name || `q${plannerRows.children.length + 1}`)}" aria-label="Query name" />
-    <select class="plannerLanguage" aria-label="Language"><option value="sql">SQL</option><option value="promql">PromQL</option></select>
-    <div class="plannerSchemas" aria-label="Input schemas"></div>
-    <textarea class="plannerText" aria-label="Query text" rows="2">${escapeHtml(query.text || 'SELECT service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics GROUP BY service')}</textarea>
-    <button class="btn plannerRemove" type="button">Remove</button>`;
-  row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').value = query.language || 'sql';
-  row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').addEventListener('change', refreshSchemaSelectors);
-  row.querySelector('.plannerRemove').addEventListener('click', () => row.remove());
-  plannerRows.appendChild(row);
-  refreshSchemaSelectors();
-  (query.schemas || (query.schema ? [query.schema] : [])).forEach((name) => {
-    const checkbox = Array.from(row.querySelectorAll('.plannerSchemas input')).find((input) => input.value === name);
-    if (checkbox) checkbox.checked = true;
-  });
-}
-
-document.getElementById('plannerToggle').addEventListener('click', () => plannerPanel.classList.toggle('visible'));
-document.getElementById('plannerAdd').addEventListener('click', () => addPlannerRow({ text: '' }));
-document.getElementById('schemaAdd').addEventListener('click', () => addSchemaRow());
-document.getElementById('plannerRun').addEventListener('click', async () => {
-  const rows = Array.from(plannerRows.querySelectorAll('.plannerRow')).filter((row) => row.querySelector('.plannerInclude').checked);
-  const queries = rows.map((row) => ({
-    name: row.querySelector('.plannerName').value,
-    language: row.querySelector('.plannerLanguage').value,
-    schemas: Array.from(row.querySelectorAll('.plannerSchemas input:checked')).map((input) => input.value),
-    text: row.querySelector('.plannerText').value,
-  }));
-  plannerStatus.textContent = 'Running stage_pipeline (Stage 0 query-language frontends → Stage 3 plan selection)…';
-  document.getElementById('plannerRun').disabled = true;
-  let response = null;
-  try {
-    response = await fetch('/api/plan', {
-      method: 'POST',
-      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-      body: JSON.stringify({
-        queries,
-        schemas: Array.from(schemaRows.querySelectorAll('.schemaRow'))
-          .filter((row) => row.querySelector('.schemaInclude').checked)
-          .map(parseSchemaRow),
-        epsilon: Number(document.getElementById('plannerEpsilon').value),
-      }),
-    });
-    const result = await response.json();
-    if (!response.ok) throw new Error(result.error || `HTTP ${response.status}`);
-    window.renderPlannerWorkload(result);
-    const selection = result.stage3_plan_selection;
-    const cost = selection.costs[selection.selected];
-    plannerStatus.textContent = selection.selected
-      ? `Stage 3 selected ${selection.selected} (cost ${cost.total} ${cost.unit}) of ${result.stage1_logical_asap_optimization.combinations} candidates. Select one or several tabs above.`
-      : `Stage 3 selected no plan: ${selection.error || selection.rejected.map((r) => `${r.id}: ${r.reason}`).join('; ')}`;
-  } catch (error) {
-    // Without a response the page is not served by server.py.
-    plannerStatus.textContent = response
-      ? `Planning failed: ${error.message}`
-      : `Planning failed: ${error.message}. Start this page with server.py.`;
-  } finally {
-    document.getElementById('plannerRun').disabled = false;
-  }
-});
-
-addSchemaRow({
-  name: 'metrics',
-  columns: 'ts         TIMESTAMP   NOT NULL\nservice    UTF8        NOT NULL\nregion     UTF8        NOT NULL\nlatency    FLOAT64     NOT NULL\nbytes      INT64       NOT NULL',
-  timeIndex: 'ts',
-});
-addSchemaRow({
-  name: 'hosts',
-  columns: 'service    UTF8        NOT NULL\nregion     UTF8        NOT NULL',
-});
-addPlannerRow({ name: 'count_by_service', schemas: ['metrics'] });
-addPlannerRow({ name: 'avg_latency', schemas: ['metrics'], text: 'SELECT service, AVG(latency) FROM metrics GROUP BY service' });
-addPlannerRow({
-  name: 'q3',
-  language: 'promql',
-  text: 'topk(5, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))',
-});
-addPlannerRow({
-  name: 'q6',
-  language: 'sql',
-  schemas: ['metrics', 'hosts'],
-  text: 'SELECT metrics.service, COUNT(*) FROM metrics JOIN hosts ON metrics.service = hosts.service GROUP BY metrics.service',
-});
-addPlannerRow({
-  name: 'q4',
-  language: 'promql',
-  text: 'topk(10, rate(http_requests_total[5m]))',
-});
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/render.py b/tools/dag-viewer/render.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 07020462d..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/render.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Bake a stage_pipeline document into a single, portable Pre/Post-ASAP HTML
-page, with the same query selection, workload union, Stage 3 candidate table
-and node details as index.html, but with the vendored JS libraries and the
-document all inlined into one file.
-
-Why this exists alongside index.html:
-  - No server or drag-and-drop needed: open the output file and the data is
-    already loaded, so it works headlessly — piped over SSH, attached to a
-    bug report, etc.
-  - index.html's own example load is a fetch(), which most browsers block
-    as cross-origin when the page is opened via file://.
-
-The document is embedded unchanged; stage-workload.js reads it in the page,
-exactly as index.html does.
-
-Usage:
-  cargo run -p asap-devtools --bin stage_pipeline -- --promql "..." --out run.json
-  python3 tools/dag-viewer/render.py run.json -o rendered.html
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import argparse
-import json
-import sys
-from pathlib import Path
-
-HERE = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
-STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT = "asap-stage-pipeline/v1"
-
-# The vendored libraries and the viewer's helpers load as plain
-# <script src>; inlined verbatim in place. viewer.js is handled separately
-# below since the embedded document must land immediately before it in
-# document order (its startup code reads it synchronously).
-_INLINE_LIBS = (
-    "dagre.min.js",
-    "cytoscape.min.js",
-    "cytoscape-dagre.js",
-    "node-style.js",
-    "stage-workload.js",
-    "planner-ui.js",
-)
-
-
-def check_document(document: object) -> dict:
-    if not isinstance(document, dict) or document.get("format") != STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT:
-        raise ValueError(f"not an {STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT} document (write one with stage_pipeline)")
-    return document
-
-
-def load_document(path: Path) -> dict:
-    return check_document(json.loads(path.read_text()))
-
-
-def _json_script(obj: object) -> str:
-    """JSON-serialize `obj` for embedding inside an HTML <script> tag. Plain
-    json.dumps output can legally contain a literal `</script` substring
-    (e.g. inside a query's text) that would close the tag early when parsed
-    as HTML, so `<` is escaped wherever it could start such a sequence."""
-    return json.dumps(obj).replace("<", "\\u003c")
-
-
-def render(document: dict) -> str:
-    html = (HERE / "index.html").read_text()
-
-    for name in _INLINE_LIBS:
-        tag = f'<script src="{name}"></script>'
-        if tag not in html:
-            raise RuntimeError(f"render.py: expected to find {tag!r} in index.html — did it move or get renamed?")
-        html = html.replace(tag, f"<script>\n{(HERE / name).read_text()}\n</script>", 1)
-
-    embedded = f'<script type="application/json" id="embedded-workload">{_json_script(document)}</script>'
-    viewer_tag = '<script src="viewer.js"></script>'
-    if viewer_tag not in html:
-        raise RuntimeError(f"render.py: expected to find {viewer_tag!r} in index.html — did it move or get renamed?")
-    return html.replace(
-        viewer_tag,
-        f"{embedded}\n<script>\n{(HERE / 'viewer.js').read_text()}\n</script>",
-        1,
-    )
-
-
-def main() -> None:
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description=__doc__,
-        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
-    )
-    parser.add_argument("file", nargs="?", type=Path, help="a stage_pipeline document; reads stdin if omitted")
-    parser.add_argument("-o", "--output", type=Path, required=True, help="output HTML file path")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-
-    try:
-        document = load_document(args.file) if args.file else check_document(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()))
-    except FileNotFoundError as err:
-        print(f"render.py: {err.filename} — no such file (run stage_pipeline first?)", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
-    except json.JSONDecodeError as err:
-        print(f"render.py: {args.file or 'input'} isn't valid JSON — {err}", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
-    except ValueError as err:
-        print(f"render.py: {err}", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
-    args.output.write_text(render(document))
-    n = len(document.get("workload", {}).get("queries", []))
-    print(f"wrote {args.output} ({n} quer{'y' if n == 1 else 'ies'})")
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/server.py b/tools/dag-viewer/server.py
index 341c06e27..16635c066 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/server.py
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/server.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Local interactive server: plans Query planner workloads with `stage_pipeline` and serves the DAG viewer."""
+"""Local server for the ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer: serves the page, writes the
+example documents into out/, and plans editor queries with `stage_pipeline`."""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
@@ -13,11 +14,10 @@
 from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from render import load_document
-
 HERE = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
 REPO = HERE.parents[1]
 BINARY = Path(os.environ.get("CARGO_TARGET_DIR", REPO / "target")) / "debug" / "stage_pipeline"
+EXAMPLES = HERE / "examples.json"
 
 
 def build_planner() -> None:
@@ -28,6 +28,22 @@ def build_planner() -> None:
     )
 
 
+def write_examples(force: bool) -> None:
+    """Write each examples.json document that is missing (all with `force`)
+    into out/, which git ignores."""
+    for example in json.loads(EXAMPLES.read_text(encoding="utf-8")):
+        out = HERE / example["file"]
+        if out.exists() and not force:
+            continue
+        out.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        print(f"[examples] writing {example['file']}", flush=True)
+        subprocess.run(
+            [str(BINARY), "--example", example["example"], "--out", str(out)],
+            cwd=REPO,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+
 class PlanRejected(ValueError):
     """`stage_pipeline` refused the workload: more candidate combinations
     than it enumerates (exit status 3)."""
@@ -163,15 +179,6 @@ def do_POST(self) -> None:  # noqa: N802 - stdlib handler API
         except Exception as error:  # surface planner failures to this local UI
             self._send_json(HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, {"error": str(error)})
 
-    def do_GET(self) -> None:  # noqa: N802 - stdlib handler API
-        if self.path == "/api/example":
-            try:
-                self._send_json(HTTPStatus.OK, load_document(HERE / "dag.example.json"))
-            except Exception as error:
-                self._send_json(HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, {"error": str(error)})
-            return
-        super().do_GET()
-
     def end_headers(self) -> None:
         # This is a local development viewer: stale HTML/JS/example JSON is
         # more harmful than the tiny files are expensive to reload.
@@ -192,13 +199,15 @@ def main() -> None:
     parser.add_argument("--host", default="127.0.0.1")
     parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=8000)
     parser.add_argument("--skip-build", action="store_true", help="reuse an already-built stage_pipeline")
+    parser.add_argument("--regenerate", action="store_true", help="rewrite the example documents in out/")
     args = parser.parse_args()
     if not args.skip_build:
         build_planner()
     if not BINARY.exists():
         parser.error(f"{BINARY} does not exist; start without --skip-build")
+    write_examples(args.regenerate)
     server = ThreadingHTTPServer((args.host, args.port), Handler)
-    print(f"ASAP DAG viewer: http://{args.host}:{args.port}")
+    print(f"ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer: http://{args.host}:{args.port}")
     try:
         server.serve_forever()
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/stage-workload.js b/tools/dag-viewer/stage-workload.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f46b6e9d..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/stage-workload.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,207 +0,0 @@
-// Reads an `asap-stage-pipeline/v1` document (the `stage_pipeline` bin, which
-// server.py runs for the Query planner) as the viewer's workload: one entry
-// per workload query, whose pre-ASAP DAG is its part of Stage 0 (the
-// query-language frontends' DAG) and whose post-ASAP DAG is its part of the plan
-// Stage 3 selected (a Stage 2 physical DAG), each node labeled with its
-// Stage 3 cost. A node shared by several queries keeps its stage DAG id as
-// `workload_node_id`, so a multi-query selection shows it once. DOM-free, so
-// test_render.py runs it headless.
-const STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT = 'asap-stage-pipeline/v1';
-
-function isStagePipelineDocument(doc) {
-  return !!doc && typeof doc === 'object' && doc.format === STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT;
-}
-
-// `{"NonASAP": {"Scan": {...}}}` → ["Scan", {...}]; a unit variant has no body.
-function stageOperatorParts(operator) {
-  const inner = Object.values(operator)[0];
-  if (typeof inner === 'string') return [inner, {}];
-  const [kind, body] = Object.entries(inner)[0];
-  return [kind, body && typeof body === 'object' && !Array.isArray(body) ? body : { value: body }];
-}
-
-// Node ids a logical operator reads: its inputs, then scalar subqueries.
-const STAGE_CHILD_FIELDS = ['child', 'children', 'left', 'right', 'summary_input', 'outer', 'inner'];
-
-// Operator node ids a scalar expression reads: `scalar(v)`, scalar
-// subqueries, EXISTS and IN subqueries.
-const STAGE_SCALAR_REF_FIELDS = ['PromqlScalarFromVector', 'ScalarSubquery', 'subquery'];
-
-function stageScalarRefs(value, ids = []) {
-  if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') return ids;
-  Object.entries(value).forEach(([field, inner]) => {
-    if (STAGE_SCALAR_REF_FIELDS.includes(field) && typeof inner === 'number') ids.push(inner);
-    else stageScalarRefs(inner, ids);
-  });
-  return ids;
-}
-
-function stageLogicalChildren(body) {
-  const ids = [];
-  STAGE_CHILD_FIELDS.forEach((field) => {
-    [].concat(body[field] ?? []).forEach((id) => { if (typeof id === 'number') ids.push(id); });
-  });
-  Object.entries(body).forEach(([field, value]) => { if (!STAGE_CHILD_FIELDS.includes(field)) stageScalarRefs(value, ids); });
-  return ids;
-}
-
-// A scalar expression as short text: `time()`, `scalar(#3)` (node 3),
-// literals as their value; other forms by name.
-function stageScalarText(expr) {
-  if (typeof expr === 'string') return { EvalTimestamp: 'time()', CurrentTimestamp: 'now()' }[expr] || expr;
-  const [kind, body] = Object.entries(expr)[0];
-  switch (kind) {
-    case 'Literal': return typeof body === 'object' && body ? String(Object.values(body)[0]) : String(body);
-    case 'PromqlScalarFromVector': return `scalar(#${body})`;
-    case 'ScalarSubquery': return `(subquery #${body})`;
-    case 'Negative': return `-${stageScalarText(body.expr)}`;
-    case 'Arithmetic': return `(${stageScalarText(body.left)} ${Object.keys(body.op)[0] || body.op} ${stageScalarText(body.right)})`;
-    default: return `${kind}(…)`;
-  }
-}
-
-// A standalone scalar query's root: not an operator, so a node of its own
-// (`Scalar`, id `scalar:<query index>`) over the operator nodes it reads.
-function stageScalarRoot(index, expr) {
-  const id = `scalar:${index}`;
-  return {
-    id, kind: 'Scalar', workload_node_id: id, children: stageScalarRefs(expr),
-    label: `Scalar\n${stageScalarText(expr)}`, schema: null, detail: { Scalar: expr },
-  };
-}
-
-function stageLabel(kind, body, cost) {
-  const lines = [kind];
-  const source = body.source && Object.values(body.source)[0];
-  if (kind === 'Scan' && source) lines.push(`source: ${source.metric || source.table_ref || JSON.stringify(source)}`);
-  if (cost) lines.push(`cost ${Number(cost.cost.toPrecision(3))}${cost.multiplier === 1 ? '' : ` × ${cost.multiplier}`}`);
-  return lines.join('\n');
-}
-
-// The nodes reachable from `root`, as viewer nodes, children first. A
-// scalar root (`{ scalar: node }`) is its own node over what it reads.
-function stageQueryDag(root, nodeOf) {
-  const nodes = new Map();
-  const visit = (id) => {
-    if (nodes.has(id)) return;
-    const node = nodeOf(id);
-    nodes.set(id, null);
-    node.children.forEach(visit);
-    nodes.set(id, node);
-  };
-  if (root.scalar) {
-    root.scalar.children.forEach(visit);
-    nodes.set(root.scalar.id, root.scalar);
-    return { nodes: Array.from(nodes.values()), root: root.scalar.id };
-  }
-  visit(root);
-  return { nodes: Array.from(nodes.values()), root };
-}
-
-function stageWorkload(doc) {
-  const workloadQueries = (doc.workload && doc.workload.queries) || [];
-  const stage0 = doc.stage0_query_language_frontends.dag;
-  const logicalNode = (id) => {
-    const node = stage0.nodes[id];
-    const [kind, body] = stageOperatorParts(node.operator);
-    return {
-      id, kind, workload_node_id: id, children: stageLogicalChildren(body),
-      label: stageLabel(kind, body), schema: node.schema, detail: node,
-    };
-  };
-
-  const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection || {};
-  const selected = (doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization.candidates || []).find((c) => c.id === selection.selected);
-  let physicalNode = null;
-  if (selected) {
-    const perNode = (selection.costs[selected.id] || {}).per_node || {};
-    const byId = new Map(selected.dag.nodes.map((node) => [node.id, node]));
-    const inputs = new Map();
-    selected.dag.edges.forEach((edge) => {
-      if (!inputs.has(edge.consumer)) inputs.set(edge.consumer, []);
-      inputs.get(edge.consumer).push(edge.producer);
-    });
-    physicalNode = (id) => {
-      const node = byId.get(id);
-      const [kind, body] = stageOperatorParts(node.payload);
-      const cost = perNode[String(id)];
-      return {
-        id, kind, workload_node_id: id, children: inputs.get(id) || [],
-        label: stageLabel(kind, body, cost), schema: node.output_schema,
-        detail: cost ? { ...node, cost } : node,
-      };
-    };
-  }
-
-  // The physical DAG keeps standalone scalar queries in `scalar_roots`,
-  // keyed by query position; every other query is the next entry of `roots`.
-  const physicalRootOf = new Map();
-  if (selected) {
-    const scalars = new Map((selected.dag.scalar_roots || []).map(([position, expr]) => [position, expr]));
-    let next = 0;
-    workloadQueries.forEach((_, index) => {
-      physicalRootOf.set(index, scalars.has(index)
-        ? { scalar: stageScalarRoot(index, scalars.get(index)) }
-        : selected.dag.roots[next++]);
-    });
-  }
-
-  return {
-    queries: workloadQueries.map((query, index) => {
-      const root = stage0.roots[index];
-      let dag = { nodes: [], root: null };
-      if (root && typeof root.Operator === 'number') dag = stageQueryDag(root.Operator, logicalNode);
-      else if (root && 'Scalar' in root) dag = stageQueryDag({ scalar: stageScalarRoot(index, root.Scalar) }, logicalNode);
-      const entry = { name: query.id, source: query.text, dag };
-      if (physicalNode) entry.post_dag = stageQueryDag(physicalRootOf.get(index), physicalNode);
-      return entry;
-    }),
-  };
-}
-
-// Stage 3's view of the candidates the document shows: the selected one,
-// the other valid ones cheapest first ("costlier"), then the rejected and
-// the Stage 2 pruned ones with their reasons, then the Stage 1 ones that
-// did not compose ("composition error") with their errors.
-function stageCandidateRows(doc) {
-  const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection || {};
-  const costs = selection.costs || {};
-  const rejected = new Map((selection.rejected || []).map((r) => [r.id, r]));
-  const physical = doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization || {};
-  const rows = (physical.candidates || []).map((candidate) => {
-    const cost = costs[candidate.id];
-    const rejection = rejected.get(candidate.id);
-    const status = candidate.id === selection.selected ? 'selected' : cost ? 'costlier' : 'rejected';
-    return {
-      id: candidate.id,
-      display_name: candidate.display_name,
-      total: cost ? cost.total : null,
-      unit: cost ? cost.unit : null,
-      status,
-      reason: status === 'rejected' && rejection ? rejection.reason : null,
-    };
-  });
-  (physical.pruned || []).forEach((p) => rows.push({
-    id: p.from_logical, display_name: p.display_name, total: null, unit: null, status: 'pruned', reason: p.reason,
-  }));
-  ((doc.stage1_logical_asap_optimization || {}).candidates || []).filter((c) => 'error' in c).forEach((c) => rows.push({
-    id: c.id, display_name: c.display_name, total: null, unit: null, status: 'composition error', reason: c.error,
-  }));
-  const order = { selected: 0, costlier: 1, rejected: 2, pruned: 3, 'composition error': 4 };
-  return rows.sort((a, b) => order[a.status] - order[b.status] || (a.total ?? 0) - (b.total ?? 0));
-}
-
-// The candidate table's header: how many candidates Stage 1 enumerated,
-// how many the document shows when it caps them, why Stage 1 failed (a
-// Pass 1 error) and why plan selection failed when it failed for a reason
-// other than rejecting every candidate.
-function stageCandidateHeader(doc) {
-  const logical = doc.stage1_logical_asap_optimization || {};
-  const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection || {};
-  const shown = logical.capped ? ` (document shows ${(logical.candidates || []).length})` : '';
-  const error = [
-    logical.error ? ` · Stage 1 failed: ${logical.error}` : '',
-    selection.error ? ` · selection failed: ${selection.error}` : '',
-  ].join('');
-  return `Stage 3 plan selection · ${logical.combinations ?? 0} candidates${shown}${error}`;
-}
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/stages.js b/tools/dag-viewer/stages.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7caa80b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/stages.js
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+// DOM-free logic of the Stage Viewer: checking an `asap-stage-pipeline/v1`
+// document (written by the `stage_pipeline` devtool), the Stage 3 candidate
+// list, and each stage's DAG as cytoscape elements with readable labels.
+// app.js draws them; test_viewer.py runs this file headless.
+const STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT = 'asap-stage-pipeline/v1';
+
+function isStagePipelineDocument(doc) {
+  return !!doc && typeof doc === 'object' && doc.format === STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT;
+}
+
+// `{"NonASAP": {"Scan": {...}}}` → ["Scan", {...}]; a unit variant has no body.
+function stageOperatorParts(operator) {
+  const inner = operator && typeof operator === 'object' ? Object.values(operator)[0] : null;
+  if (typeof inner === 'string') return [inner, {}];
+  if (!inner || typeof inner !== 'object') return ['unknown', {}];
+  const [kind, body] = Object.entries(inner)[0] || ['unknown', {}];
+  return [kind, body && typeof body === 'object' && !Array.isArray(body) ? body : { value: body }];
+}
+
+// Node ids a logical operator reads: its inputs, then the operators its
+// scalar expressions read. These are the operator fields of the IR's
+// `NonASAPOp` and `ASAPOp` that hold an input (crates/types/src/ir).
+const STAGE_CHILD_FIELDS = ['child', 'children', 'left', 'right', 'lhs', 'rhs', 'summary_input', 'outer', 'inner'];
+
+// Operator node ids a scalar expression reads: `scalar(v)`, scalar
+// subqueries, EXISTS and IN subqueries.
+const STAGE_SCALAR_REF_FIELDS = ['PromqlScalarFromVector', 'ScalarSubquery', 'subquery'];
+
+function stageScalarRefs(value, ids = []) {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') return ids;
+  Object.entries(value).forEach(([field, inner]) => {
+    if (STAGE_SCALAR_REF_FIELDS.includes(field) && typeof inner === 'number') ids.push(inner);
+    else stageScalarRefs(inner, ids);
+  });
+  return ids;
+}
+
+function stageLogicalChildren(body) {
+  const ids = [];
+  STAGE_CHILD_FIELDS.forEach((field) => {
+    [].concat(body[field] ?? []).forEach((id) => { if (typeof id === 'number') ids.push(id); });
+  });
+  Object.entries(body).forEach(([field, value]) => { if (!STAGE_CHILD_FIELDS.includes(field)) stageScalarRefs(value, ids); });
+  return ids;
+}
+
+// A scalar expression as short text: `time()`, `scalar(#3)` (node 3),
+// literals as their value; other forms by name.
+function stageScalarText(expr) {
+  if (typeof expr === 'string') return { EvalTimestamp: 'time()', CurrentTimestamp: 'now()' }[expr] || expr;
+  const [kind, body] = Object.entries(expr)[0];
+  switch (kind) {
+    case 'Literal': return typeof body === 'object' && body ? String(Object.values(body)[0]) : String(body);
+    case 'PromqlScalarFromVector': return `scalar(#${body})`;
+    case 'ScalarSubquery': return `(subquery #${body})`;
+    case 'Negative': return `-${stageScalarText(body.expr)}`;
+    case 'Arithmetic': return `(${stageScalarText(body.left)} ${Object.keys(body.op)[0] || body.op} ${stageScalarText(body.right)})`;
+    default: return `${kind}(…)`;
+  }
+}
+
+// One stage DAG in one shape for both kinds. A logical DAG (Stage 0 and
+// Stage 1) is flat: node i is `nodes[i]`, its inputs are ids inside its
+// operator, and each query's root is `{"Operator": id}` or
+// `{"Scalar": expr}`. A physical DAG (Stage 2) has node ids, an edge list,
+// operator roots in `roots`, and standalone scalar queries in
+// `scalar_roots` as `[query position, expr]`, so query i is not `roots[i]`.
+// `queries` holds, per workload query, `{ node: id }` or `{ scalar: expr }`.
+function stageDag(dag, physical) {
+  if (physical) {
+    const nodes = dag.nodes.map((node) => {
+      const [kind, body] = stageOperatorParts(node.payload);
+      return {
+        id: node.id, kind, body, schema: node.output_schema, guarantee: node.guarantee,
+        materialization: node.materialization, timing: node.output_state ? node.output_state.timing : undefined, raw: node,
+      };
+    });
+    const edges = dag.edges.map((edge) => ({ producer: edge.producer, consumer: edge.consumer, raw: edge }));
+    const scalars = new Map((dag.scalar_roots || []).map(([position, expr]) => [position, expr]));
+    const queries = [];
+    let next = 0;
+    for (let index = 0; next < dag.roots.length || scalars.has(index); index += 1) {
+      queries.push(scalars.has(index) ? { scalar: scalars.get(index) } : { node: dag.roots[next++] });
+    }
+    return { nodes, edges, queries };
+  }
+  const edges = [];
+  const nodes = dag.nodes.map((node, id) => {
+    const [kind, body] = stageOperatorParts(node.operator);
+    stageLogicalChildren(body).forEach((producer) => edges.push({ producer, consumer: id, raw: null }));
+    return {
+      id, kind, body, schema: node.schema, guarantee: node.guarantee,
+      materialization: node.materialization, timing: node.timing === null ? undefined : node.timing, raw: node,
+    };
+  });
+  const queries = dag.roots.map((root) => ('Scalar' in root ? { scalar: root.Scalar } : { node: root.Operator }));
+  return { nodes, edges, queries };
+}
+
+function validateLogicalDag(dag, where, queryCount) {
+  if (!dag || !Array.isArray(dag.nodes) || !Array.isArray(dag.roots)) return [`${where}: dag needs nodes and roots`];
+  const errors = [];
+  dag.nodes.forEach((node, id) => {
+    if (!node || !node.operator) { errors.push(`${where}: node ${id} has no operator`); return; }
+    stageLogicalChildren(stageOperatorParts(node.operator)[1]).forEach((child) => {
+      if (!(child >= 0 && child < dag.nodes.length)) errors.push(`${where}: node ${id} reads missing node ${child}`);
+    });
+  });
+  if (dag.roots.length !== queryCount) errors.push(`${where}: ${dag.roots.length} roots for ${queryCount} workload queries`);
+  dag.roots.forEach((root, index) => {
+    if (!root || typeof root !== 'object' || !('Operator' in root || 'Scalar' in root)) errors.push(`${where}: root #${index} is malformed`);
+    else if ('Operator' in root && !(root.Operator >= 0 && root.Operator < dag.nodes.length)) errors.push(`${where}: root ${root.Operator} does not name a node`);
+  });
+  return errors;
+}
+
+function validatePhysicalDag(dag, where, queryCount) {
+  if (!dag || !Array.isArray(dag.nodes) || !Array.isArray(dag.edges) || !Array.isArray(dag.roots)) {
+    return [`${where}: dag needs nodes, edges and roots`];
+  }
+  const errors = [];
+  const ids = new Set();
+  dag.nodes.forEach((node, index) => {
+    if (!node || typeof node.id !== 'number') { errors.push(`${where}: node #${index} has no numeric id`); return; }
+    if (ids.has(node.id)) errors.push(`${where}: duplicate node id ${node.id}`);
+    ids.add(node.id);
+    if (!node.payload) errors.push(`${where}: node ${node.id} has no payload`);
+  });
+  dag.edges.forEach((edge, index) => {
+    if (!edge || !ids.has(edge.producer) || !ids.has(edge.consumer)) errors.push(`${where}: edge #${index} names a missing producer or consumer`);
+  });
+  const scalars = Array.isArray(dag.scalar_roots) ? dag.scalar_roots : [];
+  if (dag.roots.length + scalars.length !== queryCount) {
+    errors.push(`${where}: ${dag.roots.length} roots and ${scalars.length} scalar roots for ${queryCount} workload queries`);
+  }
+  // `scalar_roots` holds [query position, expr], in increasing position.
+  let previous = -1;
+  scalars.forEach((entry, index) => {
+    const position = Array.isArray(entry) ? entry[0] : undefined;
+    if (!Number.isInteger(position) || position <= previous || position >= queryCount) {
+      errors.push(`${where}: scalar root #${index} needs a query position after ${previous} and below ${queryCount}`);
+      return;
+    }
+    previous = position;
+    stageScalarRefs(entry[1]).forEach((id) => {
+      if (!ids.has(id)) errors.push(`${where}: scalar root of query #${position + 1} reads missing node ${id}`);
+    });
+  });
+  dag.roots.forEach((root, index) => {
+    if (typeof root !== 'number') errors.push(`${where}: root #${index} is not a node id`);
+    else if (!ids.has(root)) errors.push(`${where}: root ${root} does not name a node`);
+  });
+  return errors;
+}
+
+function uniqueIds(list, where, errors) {
+  const ids = new Set();
+  list.forEach((entry, index) => {
+    if (!entry || typeof entry.id !== 'string' || !entry.id) errors.push(`${where}[${index}]: id must be a non-empty string`);
+    else if (ids.has(entry.id)) errors.push(`${where}[${index}]: duplicate id ${entry.id}`);
+    else ids.add(entry.id);
+  });
+  return ids;
+}
+
+function validateSelection(selection, physicalById) {
+  const errors = [];
+  if (!selection || typeof selection !== 'object') return ['stage3_plan_selection must be an object'];
+  if (selection.selected !== null && !physicalById.has(selection.selected)) {
+    errors.push('stage3_plan_selection.selected must name a Stage 2 candidate or be null');
+  }
+  if (!Array.isArray(selection.rejected)) return errors.concat('stage3_plan_selection.rejected must be an array');
+  const accounted = new Set(selection.selected === null ? [] : [selection.selected]);
+  selection.rejected.forEach((entry, index) => {
+    const at = `stage3_plan_selection.rejected[${index}]`;
+    const id = entry && entry.id;
+    if (!physicalById.has(id)) errors.push(`${at}: ${JSON.stringify(id)} is not a Stage 2 candidate`);
+    else if (accounted.has(id)) errors.push(`${at}: ${id} is already selected or rejected`);
+    if (!entry || typeof entry.valid !== 'boolean') errors.push(`${at}: valid must be true or false`);
+    accounted.add(id);
+  });
+  if (selection.selected !== null) {
+    physicalById.forEach((_, id) => { if (!accounted.has(id)) errors.push(`stage3_plan_selection: ${id} is neither selected nor rejected`); });
+  }
+  const costs = selection.costs;
+  if (!costs || typeof costs !== 'object' || Array.isArray(costs)) return errors.concat('stage3_plan_selection.costs must be an object');
+  Object.entries(costs).forEach(([id, cost]) => {
+    const at = `stage3_plan_selection.costs.${id}`;
+    if (!physicalById.has(id)) { errors.push(`${at}: not a Stage 2 candidate`); return; }
+    if (!cost || typeof cost.total !== 'number' || !Number.isFinite(cost.total)) errors.push(`${at}: total must be a number`);
+    if (!cost || typeof cost.unit !== 'string') errors.push(`${at}: unit must be a string`);
+    const nodeIds = new Set(physicalById.get(id).dag.nodes.map((node) => String(node.id)));
+    Object.keys((cost && cost.per_node) || {}).forEach((key) => {
+      if (!nodeIds.has(key)) errors.push(`${at}.per_node names missing node ${key}`);
+    });
+  });
+  return errors;
+}
+
+// Every shape problem, as readable strings; empty means the document can be
+// shown. The viewer refuses a document with problems rather than guessing.
+function validateStagePipeline(doc) {
+  if (!isStagePipelineDocument(doc)) return [`format must be ${JSON.stringify(STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT)}`];
+  const errors = [];
+  const queries = doc.workload && doc.workload.queries;
+  if (!Array.isArray(queries) || queries.length === 0) return ['workload.queries must be a non-empty array'];
+  const stage0 = doc.stage0_query_language_frontends;
+  const stage1 = doc.stage1_logical_asap_optimization;
+  const stage2 = doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization;
+  const stage3 = doc.stage3_plan_selection;
+  const missing = [
+    ['stage0_query_language_frontends', stage0], ['stage1_logical_asap_optimization', stage1],
+    ['stage2_physical_asap_optimization', stage2], ['stage3_plan_selection', stage3],
+  ].filter(([, stage]) => !stage || typeof stage !== 'object').map(([name]) => `${name} is missing`);
+  if (missing.length) return missing;
+  errors.push(...validateLogicalDag(stage0.dag, 'stage0_query_language_frontends', queries.length));
+
+  const logical = Array.isArray(stage1.candidates) ? stage1.candidates : [];
+  if (!Array.isArray(stage1.candidates)) errors.push('stage1_logical_asap_optimization.candidates must be an array');
+  const logicalIds = uniqueIds(logical, 'stage1_logical_asap_optimization.candidates', errors);
+  const composed = new Set();
+  logical.forEach((candidate) => {
+    if (!candidate) return;
+    const where = `stage1_logical_asap_optimization ${candidate.id}`;
+    if (candidate.dag) {
+      composed.add(candidate.id);
+      errors.push(...validateLogicalDag(candidate.dag, where, queries.length));
+    } else if (typeof candidate.error !== 'string') {
+      errors.push(`${where}: needs a dag or an error`);
+    }
+  });
+
+  const physical = Array.isArray(stage2.candidates) ? stage2.candidates : [];
+  if (!Array.isArray(stage2.candidates)) errors.push('stage2_physical_asap_optimization.candidates must be an array');
+  uniqueIds(physical, 'stage2_physical_asap_optimization.candidates', errors);
+  const physicalById = new Map();
+  physical.forEach((candidate) => {
+    if (!candidate) return;
+    physicalById.set(candidate.id, candidate);
+    if (!composed.has(candidate.from_logical)) {
+      errors.push(`stage2_physical_asap_optimization ${candidate.id}: from_logical ${JSON.stringify(candidate.from_logical)} is not a composed Stage 1 candidate`);
+    }
+    errors.push(...validatePhysicalDag(candidate.dag, `stage2_physical_asap_optimization ${candidate.id}`, queries.length));
+  });
+  (Array.isArray(stage2.pruned) ? stage2.pruned : []).forEach((entry, index) => {
+    if (!entry || !logicalIds.has(entry.from_logical)) errors.push(`stage2_physical_asap_optimization.pruned[${index}]: from_logical is not a Stage 1 candidate`);
+  });
+  if (errors.length) return errors;
+  return validateSelection(stage3, physicalById);
+}
+
+// Stage 3's view of every candidate the document shows: the selected one,
+// the other valid ones cheapest first ("costlier"), the rejected ones with
+// their reasons ("not judged" when selection failed with an error), then
+// the Stage 2 pruned ones and the Stage 1 ones that did not compose
+// ("composition error") with theirs. `logical` names the Stage 1
+// candidate to show beside the row; `rank` counts the priced ones.
+function stageCandidateRows(doc) {
+  const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection || {};
+  const costs = selection.costs || {};
+  const rejected = new Map((selection.rejected || []).map((r) => [r.id, r]));
+  const physical = doc.stage2_physical_asap_optimization || {};
+  const rows = (physical.candidates || []).map((candidate) => {
+    const cost = costs[candidate.id];
+    const rejection = rejected.get(candidate.id);
+    // A failed selection (`error`) judged no candidate.
+    const status = candidate.id === selection.selected ? 'selected'
+      : cost ? 'costlier' : rejection || !selection.error ? 'rejected' : 'not judged';
+    return {
+      id: candidate.id,
+      logical: candidate.from_logical,
+      display_name: candidate.display_name,
+      total: cost ? cost.total : null,
+      unit: cost ? cost.unit : null,
+      rank: null,
+      status,
+      reason: status === 'rejected' && rejection ? rejection.reason : null,
+    };
+  });
+  (physical.pruned || []).forEach((p) => rows.push({
+    id: p.from_logical, logical: p.from_logical, display_name: p.display_name, total: null, unit: null, rank: null, status: 'pruned', reason: p.reason,
+  }));
+  ((doc.stage1_logical_asap_optimization || {}).candidates || []).filter((c) => 'error' in c).forEach((c) => rows.push({
+    id: c.id, logical: c.id, display_name: c.display_name, total: null, unit: null, rank: null, status: 'composition error', reason: c.error,
+  }));
+  const order = { selected: 0, costlier: 1, rejected: 2, 'not judged': 2, pruned: 3, 'composition error': 4 };
+  rows.sort((a, b) => order[a.status] - order[b.status] || (a.total ?? 0) - (b.total ?? 0));
+  let rank = 0;
+  rows.forEach((row) => { if (row.total !== null) row.rank = ++rank; });
+  return rows;
+}
+
+// The candidate list's header: how many candidates Stage 1 enumerated, how
+// many the document shows when it caps them, why Stage 1 failed (a Pass 1
+// error) and why plan selection failed when it failed for a reason other
+// than rejecting every candidate.
+function stageCandidateHeader(doc) {
+  const logical = doc.stage1_logical_asap_optimization || {};
+  const selection = doc.stage3_plan_selection || {};
+  const shown = logical.capped ? ` (document shows ${(logical.candidates || []).length})` : '';
+  const error = [
+    logical.error ? ` · Stage 1 failed: ${logical.error}` : '',
+    selection.error ? ` · selection failed: ${selection.error}` : '',
+  ].join('');
+  return `${logical.combinations ?? 0} candidates${shown}${error}`;
+}
+
+function compactWire(value) {
+  if (value === null || value === undefined) return 'none';
+  if (typeof value !== 'object') return String(value);
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(compactWire).join(', ') || 'none';
+  const keys = Object.keys(value);
+  if (keys.length === 1) {
+    const inner = value[keys[0]];
+    return inner === null || (typeof inner === 'object' && !Array.isArray(inner) && Object.keys(inner).length === 0)
+      ? keys[0]
+      : `${keys[0]}(${compactWire(inner)})`;
+  }
+  return keys.map((key) => `${key}=${compactWire(value[key])}`).join(', ');
+}
+
+function wireSource(source) {
+  if (source && source.TimeSeries && source.TimeSeries.metric) return source.TimeSeries.metric;
+  if (source && source.Table && source.Table.table_ref) return source.Table.table_ref;
+  return compactWire(source);
+}
+
+function wireColumn(index, schema) {
+  const field = schema && Array.isArray(schema.fields) ? schema.fields[index] : null;
+  return field && field.name ? field.name : `col[${index}]`;
+}
+
+function wireGrouping(reduction, schema) {
+  if (reduction === 'PerEntity') return 'per series';
+  if (reduction && Array.isArray(reduction.Reduce)) return `group by ${reduction.Reduce.map((key) => wireColumn(key, schema)).join(', ') || 'all rows'}`;
+  return reduction === undefined ? null : `reduction: ${compactWire(reduction)}`;
+}
+
+function wirePartition(keys, schema) {
+  const list = Array.isArray(keys) ? keys : keys && Array.isArray(keys.keys) ? keys.keys : [];
+  if (list.length === 0) return null;
+  return `${keys.without ? 'per group without' : 'per'} ${list.map((key) => wireColumn(key, schema)).join(', ')}`;
+}
+
+function formatTiming(timing) {
+  const normalized = String(timing || '').replace(/_/g, '').toLowerCase();
+  if (normalized === 'ingestiontime') return 'ingestion time';
+  if (normalized === 'querytime') return 'query time';
+  return String(timing || 'unknown');
+}
+
+// `{"Variant": {"width": 272, ...}}` as "width 272 · ..."; `heap_size` reads as "heap".
+function wireParams(params) {
+  const inner = params && typeof params === 'object' ? Object.values(params)[0] : null;
+  if (!inner || typeof inner !== 'object') return [];
+  return Object.entries(inner).map(([key, value]) => `${key.replace(/_size$/, '')} ${compactWire(value)}`);
+}
+
+// A summary family with its configured parameters, e.g. "CmsWithHeap · depth 7 · heap 100 · width 272".
+function summaryFamilyText(family) {
+  if (family && Array.isArray(family.Sketch)) {
+    const kind = family.Sketch[0] || {};
+    return [kind.algorithm || 'sketch'].concat(wireParams(kind.params)).join(' · ');
+  }
+  if (family && Array.isArray(family.ExactAggregate)) return `exact ${family.ExactAggregate[0]}`;
+  return compactWire(family);
+}
+
+// Whether a summary keeps one state per group or one shared (Hydra) state for all groups.
+function summaryInstancesText(grouping, reduction) {
+  const shared = grouping && grouping.SharedMultiSubpopulation;
+  if (shared) return [`one shared ${shared.kind}`].concat(wireParams(shared.params)).join(' · ');
+  if (grouping === 'PerSubpopulationInstance') return reduction === 'PerEntity' ? 'one per series' : 'one per group';
+  return compactWire(grouping);
+}
+
+// Box text for an operator (`{"NonASAP": {...}}` or `{"ASAP": {...}}`)
+// from its concrete fields; `inputSchema` names the columns it reads. The
+// details panel shows the full operator.
+function stageNodeLines(operator, inputSchema) {
+  const [kind, op] = stageOperatorParts(operator);
+  const lines = [kind];
+  const grouping = wireGrouping(op.reduction, inputSchema);
+  switch (kind) {
+    case 'Scan': lines.push(`source: ${wireSource(op.source)}`); break;
+    case 'TimeRange': lines.push(`range: ${op.range ? op.range.secs : '?'}s`); break;
+    case 'Aggregate':
+      (op.measures || []).forEach((measure) => {
+        const args = [measure.col === null || measure.col === undefined ? '' : wireColumn(measure.col, inputSchema)]
+          .concat(['q', 'k'].filter((key) => key in measure).map((key) => `${key}=${measure[key]}`))
+          .filter(Boolean);
+        lines.push(`measure: ${measure.kind}(${args.join(', ')})`);
+      });
+      if (grouping) lines.push(grouping);
+      break;
+    case 'Filter': lines.push(`where: ${compactWire(op.pred)}`.slice(0, 80)); break;
+    case 'Sort':
+      lines.push(`sort: ${(op.keys || []).map((key) => `${key.expr && typeof key.expr.Column === 'number' ? wireColumn(key.expr.Column, inputSchema) : compactWire(key.expr)} ${key.ascending ? 'asc' : 'desc'}`).join(', ')}`);
+      if (wirePartition(op.partition_by, inputSchema)) lines.push(wirePartition(op.partition_by, inputSchema));
+      break;
+    case 'Limit':
+      lines.push(`rows: ${op.n === null || op.n === undefined ? 'all' : op.n}${op.offset ? `, offset ${op.offset}` : ''}`);
+      if (wirePartition(op.partition_by, inputSchema)) lines.push(wirePartition(op.partition_by, inputSchema));
+      break;
+    case 'SummaryAgg':
+      lines.push(`summary: ${summaryFamilyText(op.family)}`);
+      if (grouping) lines.push(grouping);
+      lines.push(`instances: ${summaryInstancesText(op.grouping, op.reduction)}`);
+      break;
+    case 'SummaryEstimate': lines.push(`query: ${compactWire(op.query)}`); break;
+    default: break;
+  }
+  return lines.slice(0, 4);
+}
+
+// A stage DAG (`dag`, as the document writes it) as cytoscape elements:
+// one node per operator (`n<id>`), one `Scalar` node per standalone scalar
+// query (`s<query position>`) over the nodes it reads, and one edge per
+// input. Options: `physical` (a Stage 2 DAG: nodes show their timing),
+// `costPerNode` (the candidate's Stage 3 `per_node` costs), `queryIds` (the
+// workload's query ids, to mark each query's root).
+function stageLaneElements(dag, options) {
+  const { physical = false, costPerNode = null, queryIds = [] } = options || {};
+  const group = typeof nodeGroup === 'function' ? nodeGroup : () => 'rel';
+  const lane = stageDag(dag, physical);
+  const byId = new Map(lane.nodes.map((node) => [node.id, node]));
+  const inputOf = new Map();
+  lane.edges.forEach((edge) => { if (!inputOf.has(edge.consumer)) inputOf.set(edge.consumer, byId.get(edge.producer)); });
+  const rootFor = new Map();
+  lane.queries.forEach((query, index) => {
+    if (!('node' in query)) return;
+    if (!rootFor.has(query.node)) rootFor.set(query.node, []);
+    rootFor.get(query.node).push(queryIds[index] || `query #${index + 1}`);
+  });
+
+  const nodes = lane.nodes.map((node) => {
+    const input = inputOf.get(node.id);
+    const operator = physical ? node.raw.payload : node.raw.operator;
+    const lines = stageNodeLines(operator, input && input.schema);
+    const cost = costPerNode ? costPerNode[String(node.id)] : undefined;
+    if (physical && node.timing !== undefined) lines.push(`⏱ ${formatTiming(node.timing)}`);
+    if (cost && typeof cost.cost === 'number') {
+      lines.push(`cost ${Number(cost.cost.toPrecision(3))}${cost.multiplier === 1 || cost.multiplier === undefined ? '' : ` × ${cost.multiplier}`}`);
+    }
+    const roots = rootFor.get(node.id) || [];
+    if (roots.length) lines.push(`root of ${roots.join(', ')}`);
+    return {
+      data: {
+        id: `n${node.id}`, nodeId: node.id, kind: node.kind, group: group(node.kind), label: lines.join('\n'),
+        rootFor: roots, timing: node.timing, cost, node: node.raw,
+      },
+      classes: node.timing !== undefined && formatTiming(node.timing) === 'ingestion time' ? 'ingestionTime' : '',
+    };
+  });
+  const edges = lane.edges.map((edge, index) => ({
+    data: { id: `e${index}`, source: `n${edge.producer}`, target: `n${edge.consumer}`, edge: edge.raw },
+  }));
+  lane.queries.forEach((query, index) => {
+    if (!('scalar' in query)) return;
+    const id = `s${index}`;
+    const queryId = queryIds[index] || `query #${index + 1}`;
+    nodes.push({
+      data: {
+        id, nodeId: id, kind: 'Scalar', group: group('Scalar'), rootFor: [queryId], node: { Scalar: query.scalar },
+        label: `Scalar\n${stageScalarText(query.scalar)}\nroot of ${queryId}`,
+      },
+      classes: '',
+    });
+    stageScalarRefs(query.scalar).forEach((producer, k) => edges.push({
+      data: { id: `${id}e${k}`, source: `n${producer}`, target: id, edge: null },
+    }));
+  });
+  return nodes.concat(edges);
+}
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/test_render.py b/tools/dag-viewer/test_render.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e312b6920..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/test_render.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,347 +0,0 @@
-"""Tests for the DAG viewer: render.py's standalone page, stage-workload.js
-(which reads the asap-stage-pipeline/v1 document the viewer shows) and the
-viewer's selection logic, the JS run headless with optional py_mini_racer.
-
-Run from tools/dag-viewer: `python3 test_render.py` (or
-`python3 -m unittest test_render`). Not wired into CI.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import json
-import re
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import tempfile
-import unittest
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from render import _json_script, load_document, render
-
-HERE = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
-STAGE_DOCUMENT = HERE / "examples" / "planner-layering-example1.json"
-# Standalone scalar queries at positions 0, 2 and 4 (first, middle, last):
-# scalar(sum(m)), sum(n), time(), sum by (job) (k), 1 + 2.
-SCALAR_DOCUMENT = HERE / "examples" / "scalar-queries.json"
-
-try:
-    from py_mini_racer import py_mini_racer
-except ImportError:
-    py_mini_racer = None
-
-
-def document() -> dict:
-    return json.loads(STAGE_DOCUMENT.read_text())
-
-
-def embedded(html: str) -> dict:
-    match = re.search(r'<script type="application/json" id="embedded-workload">(.*?)</script>', html, re.S)
-    return json.loads(match.group(1))
-
-
-class LoadDocumentTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_reads_a_stage_document(self):
-        self.assertEqual(load_document(STAGE_DOCUMENT), document())
-
-    def test_rejects_any_other_json(self):
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as d:
-            old = Path(d) / "old.json"
-            old.write_text(json.dumps({"queries": []}))
-            with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "asap-stage-pipeline/v1"):
-                load_document(old)
-
-
-class RenderTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_no_script_src_tags_remain(self):
-        self.assertNotRegex(render(document()), r'<script src="[^"]+"></script>')
-
-    def test_embedded_document_round_trips_with_its_reader(self):
-        html = render(document())
-        self.assertEqual(embedded(html), document())
-        self.assertIn("function stageWorkload", html)
-
-    def test_standalone_export_carries_the_bulk_selection_control(self):
-        html = render(document())
-        self.assertIn('id="selectAllToggle"', html)
-        self.assertIn("function bulkSelectionState(", html)
-        self.assertNotRegex(html, r"selectAllToggle\.addEventListener[^}]*queries = \[\]")
-
-    def test_standalone_export_lanes_are_pannable(self):
-        lanes = re.findall(r"classes: 'laneParent'[^}]*}", render(document()))
-        self.assertEqual(len(lanes), 2, "expected the union and single-query lanes")
-        for lane in lanes:
-            self.assertIn("pannable: true", lane)
-
-    def test_render_does_not_mutate_callers_document(self):
-        doc = document()
-        render(doc)
-        self.assertEqual(doc, document())
-
-    def test_embedded_data_placed_before_viewer_js_body(self):
-        html = render(document())
-        self.assertLess(html.index('id="embedded-workload"'), html.index("cytoscape.use(window.cytoscapeDagre)"))
-
-    def test_angle_bracket_in_query_text_does_not_break_out_of_script_tag(self):
-        doc = document()
-        doc["workload"]["queries"][0]["text"] = "m{a='</script><script>evil()</script>'}"
-        self.assertEqual(embedded(render(doc)), doc)
-
-
-class JsonScriptTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_escapes_angle_bracket_but_stays_valid_json(self):
-        encoded = _json_script({"x": "</script>"})
-        self.assertNotIn("</script>", encoded)
-        self.assertEqual(json.loads(encoded), {"x": "</script>"})
-
-
-class MainCliTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def run_render_py(self, *args: str) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-        return subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(HERE / "render.py"), *args], capture_output=True, text=True)
-
-    def test_missing_input_file_gives_a_clean_error_not_a_traceback(self):
-        result = self.run_render_py("/no/such/path/dag.json", "-o", "/dev/null")
-        self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 1)
-        self.assertIn("no such file", result.stderr)
-        self.assertNotIn("Traceback", result.stderr)
-
-    def test_malformed_json_gives_a_clean_error_not_a_traceback(self):
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as d:
-            bad = Path(d) / "bad.json"
-            bad.write_text("{not json")
-            result = self.run_render_py(str(bad), "-o", "/dev/null")
-        self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 1)
-        self.assertIn("isn't valid JSON", result.stderr)
-        self.assertNotIn("Traceback", result.stderr)
-
-    def test_other_json_gives_a_clean_error(self):
-        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as d:
-            old = Path(d) / "old.json"
-            old.write_text(json.dumps({"queries": []}))
-            result = self.run_render_py(str(old), "-o", "/dev/null")
-        self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 1)
-        self.assertIn("asap-stage-pipeline/v1", result.stderr)
-        self.assertNotIn("Traceback", result.stderr)
-
-
-@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
-class StageWorkloadTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    """stage-workload.js turns a stage_pipeline document into the viewer's
-    per-query pre/post DAGs: Stage 0 before, the Stage 3 selected physical
-    plan after, with each node's Stage 3 cost."""
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.js = py_mini_racer.MiniRacer()
-        self.js.eval((HERE / "stage-workload.js").read_text())
-        self.document = document()
-
-    def test_one_query_per_workload_query_with_reachable_dags(self):
-        workload = self.js.call("stageWorkload", self.document)
-        queries = workload["queries"]
-        self.assertEqual([q["name"] for q in queries], ["q1", "q2"])
-        self.assertEqual(queries[0]["source"], self.document["workload"]["queries"][0]["text"])
-        for query in queries:
-            for key in ("dag", "post_dag"):
-                dag = query[key]
-                ids = {node["id"] for node in dag["nodes"]}
-                self.assertIn(dag["root"], ids)
-                for node in dag["nodes"]:
-                    self.assertTrue(set(node["children"]) <= ids)
-                    self.assertEqual(node["workload_node_id"], node["id"])
-                    self.assertTrue(node["kind"] and node["label"])
-
-    def test_post_nodes_carry_the_selected_plans_costs(self):
-        selection = self.document["stage3_plan_selection"]
-        per_node = selection["costs"][selection["selected"]]["per_node"]
-        post = self.js.call("stageWorkload", self.document)["queries"][0]["post_dag"]
-        node = post["nodes"][0]
-        cost = per_node[str(node["id"])]
-        self.assertIn("\ncost ", node["label"])
-        self.assertEqual(node["detail"]["cost"], cost)
-
-    def test_candidates_rank_the_selected_plan_first_then_by_cost(self):
-        """The Stage 3 table: the selected candidate, the other costed ones
-        cheapest first, then the rejected ones with their reasons."""
-        selection = self.document["stage3_plan_selection"]
-        rows = self.js.call("stageCandidateRows", self.document)
-        self.assertEqual(rows[0]["id"], selection["selected"])
-        self.assertEqual(rows[0]["status"], "selected")
-        self.assertEqual(rows[0]["total"], selection["costs"][selection["selected"]]["total"])
-        totals = [row["total"] for row in rows[1:] if row["status"] == "costlier"]
-        self.assertEqual(totals, sorted(totals))
-        self.assertTrue(all(row["total"] >= rows[0]["total"] for row in rows[1:] if row["status"] == "costlier"))
-        rejected = {r["id"]: r["reason"] for r in selection["rejected"] if not r["valid"]}
-        for row in rows:
-            if row["status"] == "rejected":
-                self.assertEqual(row["reason"], rejected[row["id"]])
-        physical = self.document["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]
-        self.assertEqual(len(rows), len(physical["candidates"]) + len(physical["pruned"]))
-        self.assertTrue(all(row["display_name"] for row in rows))
-
-    def test_candidates_include_composition_errors_last(self):
-        """A Stage 1 candidate that did not compose is a row with its error,
-        after the Stage 2 pruned ones."""
-        logical = self.document["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]
-        logical["candidates"].append({"id": "L99", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "error": "cannot substitute"})
-        rows = self.js.call("stageCandidateRows", self.document)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            rows[-1],
-            {"id": "L99", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "total": None, "unit": None, "status": "composition error", "reason": "cannot substitute"},
-        )
-
-    def test_header_counts_candidates_and_shows_a_selection_error(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.js.call("stageCandidateHeader", self.document),
-            f"Stage 3 plan selection · {self.document['stage1_logical_asap_optimization']['combinations']} candidates",
-        )
-        self.document["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["capped"] = True
-        self.document["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": [], "error": "no data workload"}
-        shown = len(self.document["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.js.call("stageCandidateHeader", self.document),
-            f"Stage 3 plan selection · {self.document['stage1_logical_asap_optimization']['combinations']} candidates"
-            f" (document shows {shown}) · selection failed: no data workload",
-        )
-
-    def test_failed_selection_has_no_post_dag(self):
-        self.document["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": []}
-        queries = self.js.call("stageWorkload", self.document)["queries"]
-        self.assertTrue(all("post_dag" not in q for q in queries))
-
-
-@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
-class ScalarQueryTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    """A standalone scalar query is no operator root: the physical DAG keeps
-    it in `scalar_roots`, so query i is not `roots[i]`. Each view shows the
-    scalar expression as the query's root, over the nodes it reads."""
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.js = py_mini_racer.MiniRacer()
-        self.js.eval((HERE / "stage-workload.js").read_text())
-        self.document = json.loads(SCALAR_DOCUMENT.read_text())
-        self.queries = self.js.call("stageWorkload", self.document)["queries"]
-        selection = self.document["stage3_plan_selection"]
-        self.selected = next(
-            c for c in self.document["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"] if c["id"] == selection["selected"]
-        )
-
-    def root_node(self, dag):
-        return next(node for node in dag["nodes"] if node["id"] == dag["root"])
-
-    def test_operator_queries_map_to_their_operator_roots(self):
-        """sum(n) and sum by (job) (k), queries 2 and 4, are operator roots 0 and 1."""
-        self.assertEqual([q["name"] for q in self.queries], ["q1", "q2", "q3", "q4", "q5"])
-        for query, root in ((self.queries[1], self.selected["dag"]["roots"][0]), (self.queries[3], self.selected["dag"]["roots"][1])):
-            self.assertEqual(query["post_dag"]["root"], root)
-            self.assertNotEqual(self.root_node(query["post_dag"])["kind"], "Scalar")
-            self.assertEqual(self.root_node(query["dag"])["kind"], "Aggregate")
-
-    def test_scalar_queries_first_middle_and_last_show_their_expression(self):
-        expected = {0: "scalar(#{})", 2: "time()", 4: "3"}
-        for index, text in expected.items():
-            query = self.queries[index]
-            for key in ("dag", "post_dag"):
-                root = self.root_node(query[key])
-                self.assertEqual(root["kind"], "Scalar")
-                ids = {node["id"] for node in query[key]["nodes"]}
-                self.assertTrue(set(root["children"]) <= ids)
-                child = root["children"][0] if root["children"] else None
-                self.assertEqual(root["label"], "Scalar\n" + text.format(child))
-
-    def test_scalar_of_a_vector_reads_its_operator(self):
-        """scalar(sum(m)) reads the sum: Stage 0 node 2, physical node 3."""
-        self.assertEqual(self.root_node(self.queries[0]["dag"])["children"], [2])
-        self.assertEqual(self.root_node(self.queries[0]["post_dag"])["children"], [3])
-        self.assertGreater(len(self.queries[0]["post_dag"]["nodes"]), 1)
-        self.assertEqual([len(self.queries[i]["dag"]["nodes"]) for i in (2, 4)], [1, 1])
-
-    def test_scalar_roots_are_not_shared_between_queries(self):
-        roots = [self.root_node(self.queries[i]["dag"])["workload_node_id"] for i in (0, 2, 4)]
-        self.assertEqual(len(set(roots)), 3)
-
-
-@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
-class PlanningFailureTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    """A document whose Pass 1 failed still shows Stage 0 and the error."""
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.js = py_mini_racer.MiniRacer()
-        self.js.eval((HERE / "stage-workload.js").read_text())
-        self.document = document()
-        self.document["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"] = {
-            "combinations": 0, "capped": False, "candidates": [], "error": "Pass 1: bad accuracy",
-        }
-        self.document["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"] = {"candidates": [], "pruned": []}
-        self.document["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": []}
-
-    def test_stage0_dags_without_post_dags(self):
-        queries = self.js.call("stageWorkload", self.document)["queries"]
-        self.assertTrue(all(q["dag"]["nodes"] and "post_dag" not in q for q in queries))
-
-    def test_header_shows_the_stage1_error(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.js.call("stageCandidateHeader", self.document),
-            "Stage 3 plan selection · 0 candidates · Stage 1 failed: Pass 1: bad accuracy",
-        )
-
-@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
-class ViewerSelectionTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.js = py_mini_racer.MiniRacer()
-        source = (HERE / "viewer.js").read_text()
-        for name in ["escapeHtml", "bulkSelectionState"]:
-            function = re.search(r"^function " + name + r"\(.*?^}", source, re.M | re.S)
-            self.assertIsNotNone(function, name)
-            self.js.eval(function.group(0))
-
-    def test_bulk_selection_distinguishes_none_some_and_all(self):
-        """The checkbox has three states to show, and `indeterminate` is the
-        one a plain checkbox cannot: with fifty queries, "some" is normal."""
-        cases = {
-            # (queries, selected): (hidden, checked, indeterminate)
-            (0, 0): (True, False, False),      # nothing loaded
-            (50, 0): (False, False, False),    # after Deselect all
-            (50, 1): (False, False, True),     # the default single selection
-            (50, 49): (False, False, True),
-            (50, 50): (False, True, False),    # after Select all
-            (1, 1): (False, True, False),      # a one-query workload is "all"
-        }
-        for (count, selected), expected in cases.items():
-            with self.subTest(queries=count, selected=selected):
-                state = self.js.call("bulkSelectionState", count, selected)
-                self.assertEqual(
-                    (state["hidden"], state["checked"], state["indeterminate"]),
-                    expected,
-                )
-
-    def test_empty_render_resets_bulk_selection(self):
-        """Initial load and Clear all hide and reset the bulk checkbox."""
-        source = (HERE / "viewer.js").read_text()
-        self.js.eval("""
-            function element() {
-                return {style: {}, classList: {remove() {}, toggle() {}}};
-            }
-            let queries = [], participants = new Set(), cy = null;
-            const tabsEl = element(), scopePickerEl = element(),
-                emptyEl = element(), cyOuterEl = element(),
-                sidepanel = element(), sideResizeHandle = element(),
-                selectAllTab = element(), selectAllToggle = element();
-        """)
-        for name in ["render", "renderTabs"]:
-            function = re.search(r"^function " + name + r"\(.*?^}", source, re.M | re.S)
-            self.assertIsNotNone(function, name)
-            self.js.eval(function.group(0))
-        for checked, indeterminate in [(False, False), (True, False), (False, True)]:
-            with self.subTest(checked=checked, indeterminate=indeterminate):
-                self.js.eval(f"""
-                    selectAllTab.hidden = false;
-                    selectAllToggle.checked = {json.dumps(checked)};
-                    selectAllToggle.indeterminate = {json.dumps(indeterminate)};
-                    render();
-                """)
-                self.assertTrue(self.js.eval("selectAllTab.hidden"))
-                self.assertFalse(self.js.eval("selectAllToggle.checked"))
-                self.assertFalse(self.js.eval("selectAllToggle.indeterminate"))
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    unittest.main()
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/test_server.py b/tools/dag-viewer/test_server.py
index c690cfaff..7bc92cfdd 100644
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/test_server.py
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/test_server.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 """Tests for server.py: the editor's request becomes `stage_pipeline`
-arguments, and /api/plan answers with the stage_pipeline document.
+arguments, /api/plan answers with the stage_pipeline document, and the
+example documents are written on demand.
 
 Run from tools/dag-viewer: `python3 -m unittest test_server`. The endpoint
 test needs a built stage_pipeline (`cargo build -p asap-devtools --bin
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@
 
 import json
 import subprocess
+import tempfile
 import threading
 import time
 import unittest
@@ -164,6 +166,45 @@ def fake_run(args, **kwargs):
         self.assertEqual(str(raised.exception), message)
 
 
+class WriteExamplesTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """The examples.json documents are written into out/ when missing, and
+    all of them again with --regenerate."""
+
+    def run_write(self, root: Path, force: bool) -> list[list[str]]:
+        manifest = root / "examples.json"
+        manifest.write_text(json.dumps([
+            {"id": "a", "example": "planner-layering-1", "file": "out/a.json"},
+            {"id": "b", "example": "planner-layering-3b", "file": "out/b.json"},
+        ]))
+        calls = []
+
+        def fake_run(args, **kwargs):
+            calls.append(args)
+            Path(args[args.index("--out") + 1]).write_text("{}")
+            return subprocess.CompletedProcess(args, 0, "", "")
+
+        with mock.patch.object(server, "HERE", root), mock.patch.object(server, "EXAMPLES", manifest), \
+                mock.patch.object(server.subprocess, "run", fake_run):
+            server.write_examples(force)
+        return calls
+
+    def test_missing_documents_are_written_and_existing_ones_kept(self):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            root = Path(tmp)
+            (root / "out").mkdir()
+            (root / "out" / "a.json").write_text("kept")
+            calls = self.run_write(root, force=False)
+            self.assertEqual(calls, [[str(server.BINARY), "--example", "planner-layering-3b", "--out", str(root / "out" / "b.json")]])
+            self.assertEqual((root / "out" / "a.json").read_text(), "kept")
+
+    def test_regenerate_rewrites_every_document(self):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            root = Path(tmp)
+            calls = self.run_write(root, force=True)
+            self.assertEqual([call[2] for call in calls], ["planner-layering-1", "planner-layering-3b"])
+            self.assertTrue((root / "out" / "a.json").exists())
+
+
 @unittest.skipUnless(server.BINARY.exists(), "needs a built stage_pipeline")
 class PlanEndpointTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_plan_endpoint_returns_the_stage_pipeline_document(self):
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/test_viewer.py b/tools/dag-viewer/test_viewer.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..556bc55af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/dag-viewer/test_viewer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+"""Tests for the ASAPPlanner Stage Viewer: the stage-document functions in
+stages.js and the page itself (app.js) run in V8 through py_mini_racer with
+a stub DOM, plus the page's files and the example list.
+
+Run from tools/dag-viewer: `python3 -m unittest test_viewer`. The JS tests
+are skipped without py_mini_racer (`pip install py-mini-racer==0.6.0`); the
+scalar-query tests need a built stage_pipeline (`cargo build -p
+asap-devtools --bin stage_pipeline`; CARGO_TARGET_DIR is honored).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import re
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import server
+
+HERE = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
+# The one committed example document, which crates/devtools/tests/stage_pipeline.rs
+# keeps current: #509 Example 1, with its Pass 2 identical-expression candidates.
+EXAMPLE1 = HERE / "examples" / "planner-layering-example1.json"
+# Standalone scalar queries at positions 0, 2 and 4 (first, middle, last):
+# scalar(sum(m)), sum(n), time(), sum by (job) (k), 1 + 2.
+SCALAR_QUERIES = ["scalar(sum(m))", "sum(n)", "time()", "sum by (job) (k)", "1 + 2"]
+
+try:
+    from py_mini_racer import py_mini_racer
+except ImportError:
+    py_mini_racer = None
+
+
+def example1() -> dict:
+    return json.loads(EXAMPLE1.read_text())
+
+
+def stage_pipeline(*args: str) -> dict:
+    """A document written on demand by the built stage_pipeline."""
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+        out = Path(tmp) / "doc.json"
+        subprocess.run([str(server.BINARY), *args, "--out", str(out)], check=True, capture_output=True)
+        return json.loads(out.read_text())
+
+
+def stages_js():
+    js = py_mini_racer.MiniRacer()
+    js.eval((HERE / "node-style.js").read_text().replace("console.warn", "(() => {})"))
+    js.eval((HERE / "stages.js").read_text())
+    return js
+
+
+def lane_nodes(elements):
+    return [e for e in elements if "source" not in e["data"]]
+
+
+def lane_edges(elements):
+    return [e for e in elements if "source" in e["data"]]
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
+class ValidationTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """The viewer refuses a document that breaks the format rather than
+    guessing what it means."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.js = stages_js()
+        self.doc = example1()
+
+    def validate(self, doc):
+        return self.js.call("validateStagePipeline", doc)
+
+    def test_example1_is_valid(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self.validate(self.doc), [])
+
+    def test_pass1_failure_is_valid(self):
+        """A run whose Pass 1 failed has Stage 0, the error and no plan."""
+        self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"] = {"combinations": 0, "capped": False, "candidates": [], "error": "Pass 1: bad"}
+        self.doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"] = {"candidates": [], "pruned": []}
+        self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": []}
+        self.assertEqual(self.validate(self.doc), [])
+
+    def test_failed_selection_and_composition_errors_are_valid(self):
+        self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"].append({"id": "L99", "display_name": "x", "error": "cannot substitute"})
+        self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": [], "error": "no data workload"}
+        self.assertEqual(self.validate(self.doc), [])
+
+    def test_contract_violations_are_reported(self):
+        stage0 = lambda d: d["stage0_query_language_frontends"]["dag"]
+        logical = lambda d: d["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"]
+        physical = lambda d: d["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"]
+        selection = lambda d: d["stage3_plan_selection"]
+        cases = {
+            "format": lambda d: d.update(format="asap-stage-pipeline/v0"),
+            "no queries": lambda d: d["workload"].update(queries=[]),
+            "roots per query": lambda d: stage0(d)["roots"].pop(),
+            "root names no node": lambda d: stage0(d)["roots"].__setitem__(0, {"Operator": 99}),
+            "logical root shape": lambda d: stage0(d)["roots"].__setitem__(0, 3),
+            "child names no node": lambda d: stage0(d)["nodes"][1]["operator"]["NonASAP"]["TimeRange"].update(child=42),
+            "duplicate logical id": lambda d: logical(d).append(dict(logical(d)[0])),
+            "logical neither dag nor error": lambda d: logical(d)[0].pop("dag"),
+            "from_logical": lambda d: physical(d)[0].update(from_logical="L99"),
+            "physical root shape": lambda d: physical(d)[0]["dag"]["roots"].__setitem__(0, {"Operator": 3}),
+            "physical roots per query": lambda d: physical(d)[0]["dag"]["roots"].pop(),
+            "edge endpoint": lambda d: physical(d)[0]["dag"]["edges"][0].update(producer=42),
+            "pruned from_logical": lambda d: d["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["pruned"].append({"from_logical": "L99", "display_name": "x", "reason": "r"}),
+            "selected": lambda d: selection(d).update(selected="P99"),
+            "rejected also selected": lambda d: selection(d)["rejected"].append({"id": selection(d)["selected"], "valid": True, "reason": "x"}),
+            "unaccounted candidate": lambda d: selection(d)["rejected"].pop(),
+            "valid flag": lambda d: selection(d)["rejected"][0].pop("valid"),
+            "per_node": lambda d: selection(d)["costs"]["P1"]["per_node"].update({"99": {"cost": 1, "multiplier": 1}}),
+            "cost total": lambda d: selection(d)["costs"]["P1"].pop("total"),
+            "cost for unknown candidate": lambda d: selection(d)["costs"].update({"P99": {"total": 1, "unit": "u", "per_node": {}}}),
+            "missing stage": lambda d: d.pop("stage2_physical_asap_optimization"),
+            "binary operand names no node": lambda d: stage0(d)["nodes"].append(
+                {"operator": {"NonASAP": {"BinaryOp": {"lhs": 0, "rhs": 42, "operator": {}, "return_bool": False}}}}),
+            "scalar root past the queries": lambda d: physical(d)[0]["dag"].update(
+                roots=physical(d)[0]["dag"]["roots"][:1], scalar_roots=[[2, "EvalTimestamp"]]),
+            "scalar roots out of order": lambda d: physical(d)[0]["dag"].update(
+                roots=[], scalar_roots=[[1, "EvalTimestamp"], [0, "EvalTimestamp"]]),
+            "scalar root reads no node": lambda d: physical(d)[0]["dag"].update(
+                roots=physical(d)[0]["dag"]["roots"][:1], scalar_roots=[[1, {"PromqlScalarFromVector": 99}]]),
+        }
+        for name, mutate in cases.items():
+            with self.subTest(name):
+                doc = example1()
+                mutate(doc)
+                self.assertNotEqual(self.validate(doc), [])
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
+class CandidateRowTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """The Stage 3 list: every candidate the document shows, with its
+    outcome."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.js = stages_js()
+        self.doc = example1()
+
+    def test_selected_first_then_costlier_by_cost_then_rejected(self):
+        selection = self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"]
+        rows = self.js.call("stageCandidateRows", self.doc)
+        self.assertEqual((rows[0]["id"], rows[0]["status"]), (selection["selected"], "selected"))
+        self.assertEqual(rows[0]["total"], selection["costs"][selection["selected"]]["total"])
+        self.assertEqual(rows[0]["rank"], 1)
+        costlier = [row for row in rows if row["status"] == "costlier"]
+        self.assertEqual([r["total"] for r in costlier], sorted(r["total"] for r in costlier))
+        self.assertEqual([r["rank"] for r in costlier], list(range(2, len(costlier) + 2)))
+        rejected = {r["id"]: r["reason"] for r in selection["rejected"] if not r["valid"]}
+        self.assertTrue(rejected)
+        for row in rows:
+            if row["status"] == "rejected":
+                self.assertEqual((row["reason"], row["rank"], row["total"]), (rejected[row["id"]], None, None))
+        physical = self.doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(rows), len(physical))
+        self.assertTrue(all(row["display_name"] and row["logical"] for row in rows))
+
+    def test_pruned_and_composition_errors_come_last_with_their_reasons(self):
+        """A Stage 2 pruned candidate and a Stage 1 candidate that did not
+        compose are rows too, after the Stage 3 ones."""
+        self.doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["pruned"].append({"from_logical": "L2", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "reason": "no implementation"})
+        self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"].append({"id": "L99", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "error": "cannot substitute"})
+        rows = self.js.call("stageCandidateRows", self.doc)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            rows[-2:],
+            [
+                {"id": "L2", "logical": "L2", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "total": None, "unit": None, "rank": None, "status": "pruned", "reason": "no implementation"},
+                {"id": "L99", "logical": "L99", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "total": None, "unit": None, "rank": None, "status": "composition error", "reason": "cannot substitute"},
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def test_failed_selection_leaves_candidates_not_judged(self):
+        """When selection fails with `error`, Stage 3 judged no candidate:
+        the rows are "not judged", not invalid."""
+        self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": [], "error": "no data workload"}
+        rows = self.js.call("stageCandidateRows", self.doc)
+        self.assertEqual({row["status"] for row in rows}, {"not judged"})
+        self.assertTrue(all(row["reason"] is None for row in rows))
+
+    def test_header_counts_candidates_and_shows_a_selection_error(self):
+        combinations = self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["combinations"]
+        self.assertEqual(self.js.call("stageCandidateHeader", self.doc), f"{combinations} candidates")
+        self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["capped"] = True
+        self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": [], "error": "no data workload"}
+        shown = len(self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"])
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.js.call("stageCandidateHeader", self.doc),
+            f"{combinations} candidates (document shows {shown}) · selection failed: no data workload",
+        )
+
+    def test_header_shows_the_stage1_error(self):
+        self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"] = {"combinations": 0, "capped": False, "candidates": [], "error": "Pass 1: bad accuracy"}
+        self.assertEqual(self.js.call("stageCandidateHeader", self.doc), "0 candidates · Stage 1 failed: Pass 1: bad accuracy")
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
+class LaneTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Each lane is the whole workload's DAG at one stage, as cytoscape
+    elements."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.js = stages_js()
+        self.doc = example1()
+        self.query_ids = [q["id"] for q in self.doc["workload"]["queries"]]
+
+    def lane(self, dag, physical=False, per_node=None):
+        return self.js.call("stageLaneElements", dag, {"physical": physical, "costPerNode": per_node, "queryIds": self.query_ids})
+
+    def test_logical_lane_has_an_edge_per_operator_input_and_marks_roots(self):
+        dag = self.doc["stage0_query_language_frontends"]["dag"]
+        elements = self.lane(dag)
+        nodes, edges = lane_nodes(elements), lane_edges(elements)
+        self.assertEqual(len(nodes), len(dag["nodes"]))
+        self.assertTrue(edges)
+        self.assertTrue(all(int(e["data"]["source"][1:]) < int(e["data"]["target"][1:]) for e in edges))
+        roots = {n["data"]["nodeId"]: n["data"]["rootFor"] for n in nodes if n["data"]["rootFor"]}
+        self.assertEqual(roots, {r["Operator"]: [q] for r, q in zip(dag["roots"], self.query_ids)})
+        self.assertEqual(nodes[0]["data"]["kind"], "Scan")
+        self.assertEqual(nodes[0]["data"]["label"], "Scan\nsource: http_requests_total")
+        self.assertEqual(nodes[0]["data"]["group"], "source")
+
+    def test_physical_lane_shows_timing_and_stage3_costs(self):
+        selection = self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"]
+        candidate = next(c for c in self.doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"] if c["id"] == selection["selected"])
+        per_node = selection["costs"][selection["selected"]]["per_node"]
+        elements = self.lane(candidate["dag"], True, per_node)
+        nodes = lane_nodes(elements)
+        self.assertEqual(len(nodes), len(candidate["dag"]["nodes"]))
+        self.assertEqual(len(lane_edges(elements)), len(candidate["dag"]["edges"]))
+        for node in nodes:
+            self.assertIn("⏱ query time", node["data"]["label"])
+            self.assertEqual(node["data"]["cost"], per_node[str(node["data"]["nodeId"])])
+            self.assertIn("\ncost ", node["data"]["label"])
+        self.assertEqual([n["data"]["nodeId"] for n in nodes if n["data"]["rootFor"]], candidate["dag"]["roots"])
+
+    def test_physical_lane_without_stage3_cost_has_none(self):
+        candidate = self.doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"][0]
+        for node in lane_nodes(self.lane(candidate["dag"], True)):
+            self.assertNotIn("cost", node["data"]["label"])
+
+    def test_pass2_shared_scan_is_one_node_read_by_both_queries(self):
+        """L2 shares Scan #1 between Q1 and Q2 (the Pass 2 identical-expression
+        rule): its lane has one Scan fewer than L1's."""
+        logical = {c["id"]: c for c in self.doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"]}
+        self.assertIn("shared Scan", logical["L2"]["display_name"])
+        scans = lambda c: [n for n in lane_nodes(self.lane(logical[c]["dag"])) if n["data"]["kind"] == "Scan"]
+        self.assertEqual((len(scans("L1")), len(scans("L2"))), (2, 1))
+
+    def test_summary_nodes_print_their_configuration(self):
+        cms = {"ASAP": {"SummaryAgg": {
+            "child": 0, "filter": None, "reduction": {"Reduce": [0]}, "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance",
+            "family": {"Sketch": [{"algorithm": "CmsWithHeap", "category": "TopK",
+                                   "params": {"CmsWithHeap": {"depth": 7, "heap_size": 100, "width": 272}}},
+                                  "PerSubpopulationInstance"]},
+        }}}
+        schema = {"fields": [{"name": "job"}]}
+        lines = self.js.call("stageNodeLines", cms, schema)
+        self.assertEqual(lines, ["SummaryAgg", "summary: CmsWithHeap · depth 7 · heap 100 · width 272", "group by job", "instances: one per group"])
+        shared = json.loads(json.dumps(cms))
+        shared["ASAP"]["SummaryAgg"]["grouping"] = {"SharedMultiSubpopulation": {"kind": "HydraCms", "params": {"HydraCms": {"width": 272, "depth": 7}}}}
+        self.assertIn("instances: one shared HydraCms · width 272 · depth 7", self.js.call("stageNodeLines", shared, schema))
+        exact = {"ASAP": {"SummaryAgg": {"child": 0, "family": {"ExactAggregate": ["Sum", "Sum"]}, "grouping": "PerSubpopulationInstance", "reduction": "PerEntity"}}}
+        self.assertEqual(self.js.call("stageNodeLines", exact, None)[1:], ["summary: exact Sum", "per series", "instances: one per series"])
+        self.assertEqual(self.js.call("stageNodeLines", {"ASAP": {"FinalizeExactAccumulator": {"child": 0}}}, None), ["FinalizeExactAccumulator"])
+
+    def test_node_groups(self):
+        self.assertEqual([self.js.call("nodeGroup", k) for k in ("Scan", "SummaryAgg", "Filter", "Scalar")], ["source", "summary", "rel", "scalar"])
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
+@unittest.skipUnless(server.BINARY.exists(), "needs a built stage_pipeline")
+class ScalarQueryTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """A standalone scalar query is no operator root: Stage 0 and Stage 1
+    keep it as a `{"Scalar": expr}` root, and a physical DAG in
+    `scalar_roots`, so query i is not `roots[i]`. Each lane shows the
+    scalar expression as a node of its own, over the nodes it reads."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        args = []
+        for query in SCALAR_QUERIES:
+            args += ["--promql", query]
+        cls.doc = stage_pipeline(*args)
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.js = stages_js()
+        selection = self.doc["stage3_plan_selection"]
+        self.selected = next(c for c in self.doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"] if c["id"] == selection["selected"])
+        self.query_ids = [q["id"] for q in self.doc["workload"]["queries"]]
+
+    def lanes(self):
+        options = {"physical": False, "queryIds": self.query_ids}
+        yield self.js.call("stageLaneElements", self.doc["stage0_query_language_frontends"]["dag"], options)
+        yield self.js.call("stageLaneElements", self.selected["dag"], dict(options, physical=True))
+
+    def roots(self, elements):
+        return {n["data"]["rootFor"][0]: n for n in lane_nodes(elements) if n["data"]["rootFor"]}
+
+    def test_document_is_valid(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self.js.call("validateStagePipeline", self.doc), [])
+        self.assertEqual([entry[0] for entry in self.selected["dag"]["scalar_roots"]], [0, 2, 4])
+
+    def test_scalar_queries_first_middle_and_last_show_their_expression(self):
+        for elements in self.lanes():
+            roots = self.roots(elements)
+            self.assertEqual(sorted(roots), self.query_ids)
+            for index, text in {0: "scalar(#{})", 2: "time()", 4: "3"}.items():
+                root = roots[self.query_ids[index]]
+                self.assertEqual(root["data"]["kind"], "Scalar")
+                self.assertEqual(root["data"]["group"], "scalar")
+                reads = [e["data"]["source"][1:] for e in lane_edges(elements) if e["data"]["target"] == root["data"]["id"]]
+                self.assertEqual(root["data"]["label"].split("\n")[:2], ["Scalar", text.format(*reads)])
+            for index in (1, 3):
+                self.assertNotEqual(roots[self.query_ids[index]]["data"]["kind"], "Scalar")
+
+    def test_scalar_of_a_vector_reads_its_operator(self):
+        """scalar(sum(m)) reads the sum: an edge into the Scalar node from an
+        Aggregate (Stage 0) or the sum's physical node."""
+        for elements in self.lanes():
+            root = self.roots(elements)[self.query_ids[0]]
+            reads = [e["data"]["source"] for e in lane_edges(elements) if e["data"]["target"] == root["data"]["id"]]
+            self.assertEqual(len(reads), 1)
+            self.assertIn(reads[0], {n["data"]["id"] for n in lane_nodes(elements)})
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
+@unittest.skipUnless(server.BINARY.exists(), "needs a built stage_pipeline")
+class BinaryOperatorTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """A binary operator reads both operands (`lhs`, `rhs`): its node has an
+    input edge from each in Stage 0, Stage 1 and Stage 2."""
+
+    def test_binary_operator_reads_both_operands_in_every_lane(self):
+        doc = stage_pipeline("--promql", "sum(rate(a[1m])) / sum(rate(b[1m]))")
+        js = stages_js()
+        self.assertEqual(js.call("validateStagePipeline", doc), [])
+        selected = doc["stage3_plan_selection"]["selected"]
+        lanes = [
+            (doc["stage0_query_language_frontends"]["dag"], False),
+            (doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"][0]["dag"], False),
+            (next(c for c in doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"] if c["id"] == selected)["dag"], True),
+        ]
+        for dag, physical in lanes:
+            with self.subTest(physical=physical):
+                elements = js.call("stageLaneElements", dag, {"physical": physical, "queryIds": ["q1"]})
+                binary = [n for n in lane_nodes(elements) if n["data"]["kind"] == "BinaryOp"]
+                self.assertEqual(len(binary), 1)
+                inputs = [e for e in lane_edges(elements) if e["data"]["target"] == binary[0]["data"]["id"]]
+                self.assertEqual(len(inputs), 2)
+
+
+class PageTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """The page's scripts, element ids and examples line up."""
+
+    def test_scripts_exist(self):
+        page = (HERE / "index.html").read_text()
+        for src in re.findall(r'<script src="([^"]+)"', page):
+            with self.subTest(src):
+                self.assertTrue((HERE / src).exists())
+
+    def test_every_element_the_scripts_use_is_on_the_page(self):
+        page = (HERE / "index.html").read_text()
+        ids = set(re.findall(r'id="([^"]+)"', page))
+        for script in ("app.js", "editor.js"):
+            used = set(re.findall(r"\$\('([^']+)'\)", (HERE / script).read_text()))
+            with self.subTest(script):
+                self.assertLessEqual(used, ids)
+
+    def test_examples_are_stage_pipeline_examples_written_into_out(self):
+        examples = json.loads((HERE / "examples.json").read_text())
+        tool = (HERE.parents[1] / "crates/devtools/src/bin/stage_pipeline.rs").read_text()
+        self.assertEqual(len({e["id"] for e in examples}), len(examples))
+        for example in examples:
+            with self.subTest(example["id"]):
+                self.assertIn(f'"{example["example"]}" =>', tool)
+                self.assertTrue(example["file"].startswith("out/"))
+                self.assertTrue(example["story"])
+
+    def test_only_example1_is_committed(self):
+        self.assertEqual(sorted(p.name for p in (HERE / "examples").iterdir()), ["planner-layering-example1.json"])
+        self.assertEqual((HERE / ".gitignore").read_text().split(), ["out/"])
+
+
+STUB_DOM = r"""
+var __els = {}; var __files = {};
+function __el(id) {
+  if (!__els[id]) __els[id] = { id, innerHTML: '', textContent: '', hidden: false, value: '', dataset: {},
+    __on: {}, addEventListener(type, fn) { this.__on[type] = fn; }, setAttribute() {}, click() {}, querySelectorAll() { return []; } };
+  return __els[id];
+}
+var document = { getElementById: __el, documentElement: {}, body: { classList: { add() {}, remove() {} } }, addEventListener() {} };
+var window = { matchMedia() { return { addEventListener() {} }; } };
+var location = { hash: '', search: '', pathname: '/' };
+var history = { replaceState(a, b, h) { location.hash = h; } };
+function getComputedStyle() { return { getPropertyValue() { return ''; } }; }
+function MutationObserver() { this.observe = function () {}; }
+var URLSearchParams = function (s) { this.get = (k) => { const m = s.match(new RegExp('[?&]' + k + '=([^&]*)')); return m ? decodeURIComponent(m[1]) : null; }; };
+var __nodes = 0;
+var __taps = {};
+function cytoscape(o) {
+  __nodes += o.elements.length;
+  const lane = o.container.id;
+  return { on(event, what, fn) { __taps[lane + ' ' + what] = fn; }, destroy() {}, style() {} };
+}
+function fetch(u) { return Promise.resolve({ ok: u in __files, status: 404, json() { return Promise.resolve(JSON.parse(__files[u])); } }); }
+"""
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(py_mini_racer is None, "viewer tests require py_mini_racer")
+class AppTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    """app.js loads documents and fills the page (stub DOM, no browser)."""
+
+    def page(self, search="", files=None, hash_=""):
+        js = py_mini_racer.MiniRacer()
+        js.eval(STUB_DOM)
+        for name in ("node-style.js", "stages.js"):
+            js.eval((HERE / name).read_text())
+        for url, text in (files or {}).items():
+            js.eval(f"__files[{json.dumps(url)}] = {json.dumps(text)};")
+        js.eval(f"location.search = {json.dumps(search)}; location.hash = {json.dumps(hash_)};")
+        js.eval((HERE / "app.js").read_text())
+        time.sleep(0.05)
+        return js
+
+    def text(self, js, element):
+        return js.eval(f"__els[{json.dumps(element)}].innerHTML.replace(/<[^>]+>/g, '')")
+
+    def test_doc_parameter_opens_one_document_with_the_selected_plan(self):
+        js = self.page("?doc=examples/e1.json", {"examples/e1.json": EXAMPLE1.read_text()})
+        selected = example1()["stage3_plan_selection"]["selected"]
+        self.assertIn("Candidates per stage", self.text(js, "counts"))
+        self.assertIn("✓ selected", self.text(js, "lane2-meta"))
+        self.assertEqual(js.eval("__els.pick2.value"), selected)
+        self.assertEqual(js.eval("__els.pick1.value"), "L1")
+        self.assertIn("9 candidates", js.eval("__els['rank-meta'].textContent"))
+        self.assertGreater(js.eval("__nodes"), 0)
+
+    def test_rank_list_has_composition_error_rows(self):
+        doc = example1()
+        doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"].append({"id": "L99", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "error": "cannot substitute"})
+        js = self.page("?doc=d.json", {"d.json": json.dumps(doc)})
+        rank = self.text(js, "rank")
+        self.assertIn("composition error", rank)
+        self.assertIn("cannot substitute", rank)
+
+    def test_failed_selection_shows_stage0_and_the_error(self):
+        doc = example1()
+        doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"] = {"combinations": 0, "capped": False, "candidates": [], "error": "Pass 1: bad accuracy"}
+        doc["stage2_physical_asap_optimization"] = {"candidates": [], "pruned": []}
+        doc["stage3_plan_selection"] = {"costs": {}, "selected": None, "rejected": []}
+        js = self.page("?doc=d.json", {"d.json": json.dumps(doc)})
+        self.assertIn("Stage 1 failed: Pass 1: bad accuracy", js.eval("__els['rank-meta'].textContent"))
+        self.assertIn("no candidates", js.eval("__els['lane1-meta'].textContent"))
+        self.assertGreater(js.eval("__nodes"), 0)
+
+    def test_examples_become_tabs_and_the_hash_picks_one(self):
+        sample = EXAMPLE1.read_text()
+        manifest = json.dumps([{"id": "a", "name": "A", "file": "out/a.json", "story": "story A"},
+                               {"id": "b", "name": "B", "file": "out/b.json", "story": "story B"}])
+        js = self.page("", {"examples.json": manifest, "out/a.json": sample, "out/b.json": sample}, "#b")
+        self.assertIn('data-id="b"', js.eval("__els.tabs.innerHTML"))
+        self.assertEqual(js.eval("__els.story.textContent"), "story B")
+
+    def test_choosing_a_stage1_candidate_shows_its_physical_plan(self):
+        js = self.page("?doc=e1.json", {"e1.json": EXAMPLE1.read_text()})
+        js.eval("__els.pick1.__on.change({ target: { value: 'L2' } })")
+        self.assertEqual(js.eval("__els.pick2.value"), "P2")
+        self.assertIn("from L2", self.text(js, "lane2-meta"))
+
+    def test_choosing_an_uncomposed_stage1_candidate_clears_stage2(self):
+        doc = example1()
+        doc["stage1_logical_asap_optimization"]["candidates"].append({"id": "L99", "display_name": "Q1 exact", "error": "cannot substitute"})
+        js = self.page("?doc=d.json", {"d.json": json.dumps(doc)})
+        js.eval("__els.pick1.__on.change({ target: { value: 'L99' } })")
+        self.assertEqual(js.eval("__els.pick2.value"), "")
+        self.assertIn("composition error: cannot substitute", self.text(js, "lane1-meta"))
+
+    def test_node_details_without_a_numeric_cost(self):
+        """A per_node entry without a numeric `cost` does not break the details panel."""
+        js = self.page("?doc=e1.json", {"e1.json": EXAMPLE1.read_text()})
+        js.eval("""__taps['cy2 node']({ target: { data() { return {
+            kind: 'Scan', nodeId: 0, rootFor: [], timing: 'query_time', cost: { detail: 'not priced' },
+            node: { payload: { NonASAP: { Scan: {} } }, guarantee: null } }; } } })""")
+        self.assertIn("not priced", self.text(js, "details"))
+
+    def test_show_document_reports_whether_it_was_shown(self):
+        """The editor reports success only when the document was shown."""
+        js = self.page()
+        self.assertTrue(js.eval(f"window.StageViewer.showDocument({EXAMPLE1.read_text()}, 'e1')"))
+        self.assertFalse(js.eval("window.StageViewer.showDocument({ format: 'nope' }, 'bad')"))
+        self.assertIn("Could not load", js.eval("__els.queries.innerHTML"))
+
+    def test_an_invalid_document_shows_an_error(self):
+        js = self.page("?doc=bad.json", {"bad.json": json.dumps({"format": "nope"})})
+        self.assertIn("Could not load", js.eval("__els.queries.innerHTML"))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()
diff --git a/tools/dag-viewer/viewer.js b/tools/dag-viewer/viewer.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 85d2569ff..000000000
--- a/tools/dag-viewer/viewer.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,795 +0,0 @@
-// Viewer logic for tools/dag-viewer, used two ways:
-//   1. index.html loads this via <script src="viewer.js">.
-//   2. render.py inlines this file verbatim into a standalone HTML page that
-//      embeds one stage_pipeline document.
-// The viewer reads only `asap-stage-pipeline/v1` documents (stage-workload.js).
-cytoscape.use(window.cytoscapeDagre);
-
-// ── State ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-// stageDocument: the loaded asap-stage-pipeline/v1 document.
-// queries: stageWorkload(stageDocument).queries — [{ name, source, dag,
-// post_dag? }], `dag` the query's part of Stage 0 and `post_dag` its part of
-// the Stage 3 selected plan (absent when Stage 3 selected none).
-let stageDocument = null;
-let queries = [];
-let activeIndex = -1;
-let cy = null;
-let highlightOn = true;
-let zoom = 1;
-// The viewer has one Pre/Post-ASAP mode. One selected query renders its own
-// two DAGs; multiple selected queries union each stage into one workload DAG.
-let participants = new Set();
-const dropzone = document.getElementById('dropzone');
-const fileInput = document.getElementById('fileInput');
-const clearBtn = document.getElementById('clearBtn');
-const highlightToggle = document.getElementById('highlightToggle');
-const tabsEl = document.getElementById('tabs');
-const selectAllTab = document.getElementById('selectAllTab');
-const selectAllToggle = document.getElementById('selectAllToggle');
-const scopePickerEl = document.getElementById('scopePicker');
-const cyOuterEl = document.getElementById('cyOuter');
-const cyEl = document.getElementById('cy');
-const modeHintEl = document.getElementById('modeHint');
-const emptyEl = document.getElementById('empty');
-const sidepanel = document.getElementById('sidepanel');
-const sideResizeHandle = document.getElementById('sideResizeHandle');
-const detailSection = document.getElementById('detailSection');
-const viewTitleEl = document.getElementById('viewTitle');
-const zoomSlider = document.getElementById('zoomSlider');
-const zoomLabel = document.getElementById('zoomLabel');
-
-dropzone.addEventListener('click', () => fileInput.click());
-dropzone.addEventListener('dragover', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); dropzone.classList.add('dragover'); });
-dropzone.addEventListener('dragleave', () => dropzone.classList.remove('dragover'));
-dropzone.addEventListener('drop', (e) => {
-  e.preventDefault();
-  dropzone.classList.remove('dragover');
-  loadFiles(e.dataTransfer.files);
-});
-fileInput.addEventListener('change', (e) => loadFiles(e.target.files));
-clearBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-  stageDocument = null;
-  queries = [];
-  activeIndex = -1;
-  participants = new Set();
-  render();
-});
-// Selection only. `Clear all` above drops the loaded workload itself, which on
-// a render.py page cannot be undone — its embedded workload is parsed once, at
-// load — so the two stay separate controls rather than one overloaded button.
-//
-// A tri-state checkbox rather than two buttons: "some selected" is a real
-// third state with fifty queries, and `indeterminate` is what shows it. The
-// browser resolves a click on an indeterminate box to `checked = true`, so
-// "partially selected" clicks through to select-all, which is the useful
-// direction.
-selectAllToggle.addEventListener('change', () => {
-  participants = selectAllToggle.checked
-    ? new Set(queries.map((_, index) => index))
-    : new Set();
-  render();
-});
-highlightToggle.addEventListener('change', () => {
-  highlightOn = highlightToggle.checked;
-  applyHighlighting();
-});
-let resizingSidepanel = false;
-sideResizeHandle.addEventListener('pointerdown', (event) => {
-  resizingSidepanel = true;
-  sideResizeHandle.classList.add('dragging');
-  sideResizeHandle.setPointerCapture(event.pointerId);
-});
-sideResizeHandle.addEventListener('pointermove', (event) => {
-  if (!resizingSidepanel) return;
-  const width = Math.max(260, Math.min(window.innerWidth * 0.7, window.innerWidth - event.clientX));
-  sidepanel.style.width = `${width}px`;
-  if (cy) cy.resize();
-});
-sideResizeHandle.addEventListener('pointerup', (event) => {
-  resizingSidepanel = false;
-  sideResizeHandle.classList.remove('dragging');
-  sideResizeHandle.releasePointerCapture(event.pointerId);
-});
-
-function loadFiles(fileList) {
-  const file = Array.from(fileList || [])[0];
-  if (!file) return;
-  const reader = new FileReader();
-  reader.onload = () => {
-    try {
-      const parsed = JSON.parse(reader.result);
-      if (!isStagePipelineDocument(parsed)) throw new Error(`not an ${STAGE_PIPELINE_FORMAT} document; write one with stage_pipeline`);
-      showDocument(parsed);
-    } catch (err) {
-      alert(`Failed to load ${file.name}: ${err.message}`);
-    }
-  };
-  reader.readAsText(file);
-  fileInput.value = '';
-}
-
-function getParticipants() {
-  return Array.from(participants)
-    .filter((i) => i >= 0 && i < queries.length)
-    .sort((a, b) => a - b);
-}
-
-function render() {
-  renderTabs();
-  if (queries.length === 0) {
-    scopePickerEl.classList.remove('visible');
-    emptyEl.style.display = 'flex';
-    cyOuterEl.style.display = 'none';
-    sidepanel.style.display = 'none';
-    sideResizeHandle.style.display = 'none';
-    if (cy) { cy.destroy(); cy = null; }
-    return;
-  }
-  emptyEl.style.display = 'none';
-  cyOuterEl.style.display = 'block';
-  sidepanel.style.display = 'block';
-  sideResizeHandle.style.display = 'block';
-
-  renderPrePostAsap();
-  renderLegend();
-}
-
-// The three states the bulk-selection checkbox has to distinguish: none,
-// some, all. `indeterminate` is the only one of the three that a plain
-// checkbox cannot show on its own, and it is the common case with a
-// fifty-query workload. Pure, so it can be tested without a DOM.
-function bulkSelectionState(queryCount, selectedCount) {
-  const all = queryCount > 0 && selectedCount === queryCount;
-  return {
-    // Nothing loaded: the control would claim a selection that has no
-    // queries to apply to.
-    hidden: queryCount === 0,
-    checked: all,
-    indeterminate: selectedCount > 0 && !all,
-  };
-}
-
-function renderTabs() {
-  // Derived from `participants` on every render rather than tracked by the
-  // change handler: every other path that writes the selection (file load,
-  // `Clear all`, renderPlannerWorkload, an individual chip) also lands in
-  // `render`, and a control that only followed its own clicks would drift
-  // out of step with them.
-  const bulk = bulkSelectionState(queries.length, participants.size);
-  selectAllTab.hidden = bulk.hidden;
-  selectAllToggle.checked = bulk.checked;
-  selectAllToggle.indeterminate = bulk.indeterminate;
-  selectAllTab.classList.toggle('active', bulk.checked);
-
-  tabsEl.innerHTML = '';
-  // Checkboxes choose the single query or workload to union.
-  queries.forEach((q, i) => {
-    const chip = document.createElement('label');
-    chip.className = 'tab checkTab' + (participants.has(i) ? ' active' : '');
-    const cb = document.createElement('input');
-    cb.type = 'checkbox';
-    cb.checked = participants.has(i);
-    cb.addEventListener('change', () => {
-      if (cb.checked) participants.add(i); else participants.delete(i);
-      render();
-    });
-    chip.appendChild(cb);
-    chip.appendChild(document.createTextNode(' ' + q.name));
-    tabsEl.appendChild(chip);
-  });
-}
-
-// ── Shared cytoscape setup, used by single/compare/union ─────────────────
-
-function buildCyStyle() {
-  const textColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--fg').trim() || '#1b1f24';
-  const edgeColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--muted').trim() || '#9aa1ab';
-  const ringColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--accent').trim() || '#2563eb';
-  const panelColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--panel2').trim() || '#f0f2f5';
-  const borderColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--border').trim() || '#d9dce1';
-
-  const categoryStyles = Object.keys(CATEGORIES).map((name) => ({
-    selector: `node[category = "${name}"]`,
-    style: {
-      'border-color': categoryColors(name).border,
-      'background-color': categoryColors(name).bg,
-    },
-  }));
-
-  const style = [
-    {
-      selector: 'node',
-      style: {
-        'shape': 'round-rectangle',
-        'corner-radius': 10,
-        'label': 'data(label)',
-        'color': textColor,
-        'text-wrap': 'wrap',
-        'text-valign': 'center',
-        'text-halign': 'center',
-        'font-size': 10,
-        'width': 'label',
-        'height': 'label',
-        'padding': '12px',
-        'border-width': 1.5,
-        // Lets class/style changes below (the '.shared' ring, '.unionShared'
-        // double border, ':selected' outline, and buildCy's fade-in) animate
-        // instead of snapping — cytoscape treats these like CSS transitions,
-        // separate from (and layered on top of) the layout animation that
-        // moves nodes to their laid-out position.
-        'transition-property': 'underlay-opacity, border-width, border-color, opacity',
-        'transition-duration': '260ms',
-        'transition-timing-function': 'ease-in-out',
-      },
-    },
-    {
-      selector: 'node[category = "data"]',
-      style: { 'corner-radius': 999, 'border-style': 'dashed' },
-    },
-    ...categoryStyles,
-    {
-      selector: 'node[category = "unknown"]',
-      style: { 'border-style': 'dashed', 'border-width': 3 },
-    },
-    {
-      selector: 'node.root',
-      style: { 'border-width': 2.5 },
-    },
-    {
-      selector: 'node.shared',
-      style: {
-        'underlay-color': ringColor,
-        'underlay-opacity': 0.28,
-        'underlay-padding': 6,
-        'underlay-shape': 'round-rectangle',
-      },
-    },
-    {
-      // Workload-union collapsed nodes: a persistent double border marks the
-      // merge itself (unlike '.shared', this isn't gated by the highlight
-      // toggle — collapsing *is* how union mode represents sharing).
-      selector: 'node.unionShared',
-      style: {
-        'border-width': 3,
-        'border-style': 'double',
-      },
-    },
-    {
-      selector: 'node:selected',
-      style: {
-        'border-width': 3,
-        'border-color': ringColor,
-      },
-    },
-    {
-      // Pre/Post-ASAP lane container (a compound parent node).
-      selector: 'node.laneParent',
-      style: {
-        'shape': 'round-rectangle',
-        'corner-radius': 14,
-        'background-opacity': 0.35,
-        'background-color': panelColor,
-        'border-width': 1,
-        'border-style': 'dashed',
-        'border-color': borderColor,
-        'label': 'data(label)',
-        'text-valign': 'top',
-        'text-halign': 'center',
-        'text-margin-y': -10,
-        'font-size': 12,
-        'font-weight': 700,
-        'color': textColor,
-        'padding': '30px',
-      },
-    },
-    {
-      selector: 'edge',
-      style: {
-        'width': 1.5,
-        'line-color': edgeColor,
-        'target-arrow-color': edgeColor,
-        'target-arrow-shape': 'triangle',
-        'curve-style': 'bezier',
-        'label': '',
-        'font-size': 9,
-        'color': textColor,
-        'text-background-color': panelColor,
-        'text-background-opacity': 0.92,
-        'text-background-padding': 3,
-        'text-rotation': 'autorotate',
-        'text-wrap': 'wrap',
-        'text-max-width': 260,
-        'transition-property': 'opacity',
-        'transition-duration': '260ms',
-        'transition-timing-function': 'ease-in-out',
-      },
-    },
-  ];
-
-  return style;
-}
-
-// Default layout animates dagre's computed positions in rather than snapping
-// to them — every mode switch, checkbox toggle, and file load rebuilds `cy`
-// from scratch (see the `cy.destroy()` below), so this animation is what
-// makes the DAG read as "assembling" instead of flickering to a new
-// static image each time. `elements` also start at opacity 0 and fade in
-// (paired with the 'node'/'edge' transition-property set in buildCyStyle)
-// so a freshly-added element doesn't just pop in mid-layout-animation.
-const LAYOUT_ANIMATION = { animate: true, animationDuration: 550, animationEasing: 'ease-out-cubic' };
-
-function buildCy(elements, layout) {
-  if (cy) { cy.destroy(); cy = null; }
-  cy = cytoscape({
-    container: cyEl,
-    elements,
-    style: buildCyStyle(),
-    layout: layout ? { ...LAYOUT_ANIMATION, ...layout } : { name: 'dagre', rankDir: 'TB', nodeSep: 30, rankSep: 60, ...LAYOUT_ANIMATION },
-  });
-  cy.elements().style({ opacity: 0 });
-  // Double rAF: the first frame just lets the browser paint the opacity:0
-  // state so there's something to transition *from*; flipping to opacity:1
-  // in the same frame that set opacity:0 would collapse to a no-op.
-  requestAnimationFrame(() => requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-    if (cy) cy.elements().style({ opacity: 1 });
-  }));
-  return cy;
-}
-
-// Root borders and click/tap wiring for the Pre/Post-ASAP lanes.
-function finalizeDAGInteractions() {
-  // Use borders rather than pictograms so IR text owns the whole node box.
-  cy.nodes('[?root]').addClass('root');
-
-  cy.on('tap', 'node', (evt) => {
-    const n = evt.target;
-    if (n.data('isLane')) return;
-    showPrePostDetail(n.data());
-  });
-  cy.on('tap', 'edge', (evt) => showEdgeDetail(evt.target));
-  cy.on('tap', (evt) => { if (evt.target === cy) clearDetail(); });
-}
-
-function fitAndSyncZoom() {
-  if (!cy) return;
-  cy.fit(undefined, 30);
-  zoom = cy.zoom();
-  zoomSlider.value = Math.round(zoom * 100);
-  zoomLabel.textContent = Math.round(zoom * 100) + '%';
-}
-
-function showModeHint(text) {
-  if (cy) { cy.destroy(); cy = null; }
-  modeHintEl.textContent = text;
-  modeHintEl.style.display = 'flex';
-  cyEl.style.display = 'none';
-}
-
-function hideModeHint() {
-  modeHintEl.style.display = 'none';
-  cyEl.style.display = 'block';
-}
-
-// ── Pre/Post-ASAP: one query or two workload-union DAGs ──────────────────
-function renderPrePostAsap() {
-  const chosen = getParticipants();
-  const selected = chosen.map((i) => queries[i]);
-  renderScopeSummary(selected);
-  renderSourcePanel(selected);
-
-  if (selected.length === 0) {
-    viewTitleEl.textContent = 'Pre/Post-ASAP';
-    showModeHint('Select one query for a complete pre/post DAG, or several queries for a batch workload view.');
-    return;
-  }
-  // Without a selected plan (planning failed), Stage 0 is still shown.
-  const planned = selected.every((q) => q.post_dag);
-  hideModeHint();
-  viewTitleEl.textContent = (selected.length === 1
-    ? `Pre/Post-ASAP: ${selected[0].name}`
-    : `Pre/Post-ASAP workload union: ${selected.length} queries`)
-    + (planned ? '' : ' · no plan selected; see the candidate table');
-
-  const elements = selected.length === 1
-    ? [
-        ...laneElements('pre-asap', `${selected[0].name} · Stage 0 query-language frontends`, selected[0].dag, selected[0], 'pre'),
-        ...(planned ? laneElements('post-asap', `${selected[0].name} · Stage 3 selected plan`, selected[0].post_dag, selected[0], 'post') : []),
-      ]
-    : [
-        ...unionStageLaneElements('pre', chosen),
-        ...(planned ? unionStageLaneElements('post', chosen) : []),
-      ];
-
-  buildCy(elements);
-  finalizeDAGInteractions();
-  applyHighlighting();
-  const initial = cy.nodes().filter((node) =>
-    !node.data('isLane') && node.data('stage') === 'pre' && node.data('root')
-  ).first();
-  if (initial && initial.length) {
-    initial.select();
-    showPrePostDetail(initial.data());
-  } else {
-    clearDetail();
-  }
-  fitAndSyncZoom();
-}
-
-function unionStageLaneElements(stage, chosen) {
-  // Workload merging is the planner's decision. `workload_node_id` is the
-  // explicit JSON mapping; do not reconstruct identity from node content.
-  const laneId = `${stage}-asap-union`;
-  const dagFor = (query) => (stage === 'pre' ? query.dag : query.post_dag);
-  const owners = new Map();
-
-  chosen.forEach((qIdx) => {
-    const query = queries[qIdx];
-    const dag = dagFor(query);
-    dag.nodes.forEach((node) => {
-      if (node.workload_node_id === undefined) return;
-      if (!owners.has(node.workload_node_id)) owners.set(node.workload_node_id, new Set());
-      owners.get(node.workload_node_id).add(query.name);
-    });
-  });
-
-  const sharedIds = new Map();
-  let nextSharedId = 0;
-  owners.forEach((queryNames, workloadNodeId) => {
-    if (queryNames.size > 1) sharedIds.set(workloadNodeId, `${laneId}-shared-${nextSharedId++}`);
-  });
-  const keyFor = (qIdx, node) => sharedIds.get(node.workload_node_id) || `${laneId}-q${qIdx}-${node.id}`;
-  const entries = new Map();
-  const edges = new Map();
-  const elements = [
-    // `pannable: true`: a drag starting on the lane's own background pans the
-    // viewport. `grabbable: false` alone made it a dead zone — cytoscape
-    // begins a pan only when the element under the pointer is `pannable()`,
-    // which defaults to false for nodes, and the lane covers most of the
-    // canvas once the DAG is zoomed past the viewport. Still not grabbable:
-    // cytoscape overrides `grabbable` for a pannable node.
-    { data: { id: laneId, label: `${stage === 'pre' ? 'Stage 0 query-language frontends' : 'Stage 3 selected plan'} · workload union`, isLane: true }, classes: 'laneParent', selectable: false, grabbable: false, pannable: true },
-  ];
-
-  chosen.forEach((qIdx) => {
-    const query = queries[qIdx];
-    const dag = dagFor(query);
-    const byId = new Map(dag.nodes.map((node) => [node.id, node]));
-    dag.nodes.forEach((node) => {
-      const key = keyFor(qIdx, node);
-      let entry = entries.get(key);
-      if (!entry) {
-        entry = { node, sourceQueries: new Set(), rootFor: new Set() };
-        entries.set(key, entry);
-      }
-      entry.sourceQueries.add(query.name);
-      if (node.id === dag.root) entry.rootFor.add(query.name);
-      node.children.forEach((childId) => {
-        const childKey = keyFor(qIdx, byId.get(childId));
-        const child = byId.get(childId);
-        edges.set(`${childKey}\u0000${key}`, formatSchema(child.schema));
-      });
-    });
-  });
-
-  entries.forEach((entry, key) => elements.push({
-    data: {
-      id: key,
-      parent: laneId,
-      label: entry.node.label,
-      node: entry.node,
-      kind: entry.node.kind,
-      category: categoryOf(entry.node.kind),
-      root: entry.rootFor.size > 0,
-      rootFor: Array.from(entry.rootFor),
-      sourceQueries: Array.from(entry.sourceQueries),
-      isPrePost: true,
-      stage,
-      queryName: Array.from(entry.sourceQueries)[0],
-    },
-    classes: entry.sourceQueries.size > 1 ? 'unionShared' : '',
-  }));
-  let edgeIndex = 0;
-  edges.forEach((schemaLabel, edge) => {
-    const [source, target] = edge.split('\u0000');
-    elements.push({ data: { id: `${laneId}-edge-${edgeIndex++}`, source, target, schemaLabel } });
-  });
-  return elements;
-}
-
-// Builds one Pre/Post-ASAP lane (a dashed compound parent plus its
-// nodes/edges) from a stageWorkload DAG: nodes carry
-// id/kind/label/schema/detail/children.
-function laneElements(laneId, laneLabel, dag, query, stage) {
-  const nodes = dag.nodes;
-  const byId = new Map(nodes.map((node) => [node.id, node]));
-  const elements = [
-    // Pannable for the same reason as the union lane above.
-    { data: { id: laneId, label: laneLabel, isLane: true }, classes: 'laneParent', selectable: false, grabbable: false, pannable: true },
-  ];
-  for (const node of nodes) {
-    elements.push({
-      data: {
-        id: `${laneId}-${node.id}`,
-        parent: laneId,
-        label: node.label,
-        node,
-        // Cytoscape selectors read flat data fields.
-        kind: node.kind,
-        category: categoryOf(node.kind),
-        root: node.id === dag.root,
-        isPrePost: true,
-        laneId,
-        stage,
-        queryName: query.name,
-      },
-    });
-  }
-  for (const node of nodes) {
-    for (const childId of node.children) {
-      elements.push({
-        data: {
-          // Arrow points from input to consumer (data-flow direction), the
-          // reverse of the DAG's parent->child structure.
-          id: `e-${laneId}-${node.id}-${childId}`,
-          source: `${laneId}-${childId}`,
-          target: `${laneId}-${node.id}`,
-          schemaLabel: formatSchema(byId.get(childId).schema),
-        },
-      });
-    }
-  }
-  return elements;
-}
-
-function formatSchema(schema) {
-  if (!schema || typeof schema !== 'object') return 'schema unavailable';
-  const fields = Array.isArray(schema.fields) ? schema.fields : schema.columns;
-  if (!Array.isArray(fields) || fields.length === 0) return 'empty schema';
-  const rows = fields.map((field, index) => {
-    const name = field && field.name !== undefined ? field.name : '?';
-    // A plain value is tagged `{"Plain": <dtype>}`.
-    const raw = field && field.dtype !== undefined ? field.dtype : '?';
-    const plain = raw && typeof raw === 'object' && 'Plain' in raw ? raw.Plain : raw;
-    const dtype = typeof plain === 'string' ? plain : JSON.stringify(plain);
-    return {
-      name: String(name),
-      dtype: String(dtype).toUpperCase(),
-      nullable: field && field.nullable ? 'NULL' : 'NOT NULL',
-      timeIndex: schema.time_index === index,
-    };
-  });
-  const nameWidth = Math.max(...rows.map((row) => row.name.length));
-  const typeWidth = Math.max(...rows.map((row) => row.dtype.length));
-  return rows.map((row) =>
-    `${row.name.padEnd(nameWidth)}  ${row.dtype.padEnd(typeWidth)}  ${row.nullable}${row.timeIndex ? '  · TIME INDEX' : ''}`
-  ).join('\n');
-}
-
-function schemaDerivation(target) {
-  const node = target.data('node');
-  if (!node) return 'The target operation metadata is unavailable.';
-  const detail = node.detail || {};
-  switch (node.kind) {
-    case 'Filter': return 'Filter evaluates its predicate and preserves the input columns and types.';
-    case 'Sort': return 'Sort changes row order using its sort keys and preserves the input schema.';
-    case 'Limit': return `Limit keeps ${detail.n ?? 'the requested number of'} ordered rows and preserves the input schema.`;
-    case 'Project': return 'Project evaluates its selected expressions; aliases and expression result types form the output schema.';
-    case 'Aggregate': return 'Aggregate emits its reduction/group-by keys followed by the result column for each aggregate measure.';
-    case 'SummaryAgg': return 'SummaryAgg replaces the aggregate state with the selected exact or approximate summary representation.';
-    case 'SummaryEstimate': return 'SummaryEstimate reads the selected summary state and emits the requested estimate schema.';
-    case 'TimeRange': return 'TimeRange restricts the temporal input window and preserves the row schema.';
-    case 'Scan': return 'Scan obtains this schema from the bound table or metric source.';
-    default: return `${node.kind} applies the IR operation shown below; its declared output schema is in the stage document.`;
-  }
-}
-
-function showEdgeDetail(edge) {
-  const source = edge.source();
-  const target = edge.target();
-  const sourceNode = source.data('node') || {};
-  const targetNode = target.data('node') || {};
-  const edgeSchema = edge.data('schemaLabel') || formatSchema(sourceNode.schema);
-  detailSection.innerHTML = `
-    <h2>Selected edge</h2>
-    <div class="translationBlock">
-      <h3>Connection</h3>
-      <div><strong>From:</strong> ${escapeHtml(sourceNode.label || source.id())}</div>
-      <div><strong>To:</strong> ${escapeHtml(targetNode.label || target.id())}</div>
-    </div>
-    <h3 class="detailSubhead">Schema carried by this edge</h3>
-    <pre>${escapeHtml(edgeSchema || '(schema unavailable)')}</pre>
-    <h3 class="detailSubhead">How the schema is produced</h3>
-    <div class="translationBlock">${escapeHtml(schemaDerivation(target))}</div>
-    <h3 class="detailSubhead">Target operation</h3>
-    <pre>${escapeHtml(JSON.stringify(targetNode.detail || {}, null, 2))}</pre>
-    <h3 class="detailSubhead">Target output schema</h3>
-    <pre>${escapeHtml(formatSchema(targetNode.schema) || '(schema unavailable)')}</pre>
-  `;
-}
-
-function renderScopeSummary(selected) {
-  scopePickerEl.classList.add('visible');
-  const scope = selected.length === 1 ? 'Single query' : `Batch workload · ${selected.length} queries`;
-  const rows = stageCandidateRows(stageDocument).map((row) => `
-    <tr class="candidate candidate--${row.status.replace(' ', '-')}">
-      <td>${escapeHtml(row.id)}</td>
-      <td>${escapeHtml(row.display_name || '')}</td>
-      <td>${row.total === null ? '' : `${escapeHtml(Number(row.total.toPrecision(4)))} ${escapeHtml(row.unit || '')}`}</td>
-      <td>${escapeHtml(row.status)}${row.reason ? `: ${escapeHtml(row.reason)}` : ''}</td>
-    </tr>`).join('');
-  scopePickerEl.innerHTML = `<div class="scopeGroup"><div class="scopeGroupLabel">View scope</div><div class="scopeRow active"><span>${escapeHtml(scope)}</span></div></div>
-    <div class="scopeGroup"><div class="scopeGroupLabel">${escapeHtml(stageCandidateHeader(stageDocument))}</div>
-    <table class="candidateTable"><thead><tr><th>Candidate</th><th>Choices</th><th>Cost</th><th>Outcome</th></tr></thead><tbody>${rows}</tbody></table></div>`;
-}
-
-function showPrePostDetail(data) {
-  const node = data.node;
-  const category = categoryOf(node.kind);
-  const catColors = categoryColors(category);
-  const catLabel = (CATEGORIES[category] || {}).label || category;
-  const stageName = data.stage === 'pre' ? 'pre-ASAP' : 'post-ASAP';
-  const chipLabel = catLabel === node.kind ? node.kind : `${catLabel} · ${node.kind}`;
-
-  const rootNames = data.rootFor && data.rootFor.length ? data.rootFor : [data.queryName];
-  const rootHtml = data.root
-    ? `<div class="rootNote">Root of the complete ${stageName} DAG for: ${rootNames.map(escapeHtml).join(', ')}.</div>`
-    : '';
-
-  const cost = node.detail && node.detail.cost;
-  const costHtml = cost
-    ? `<div class="translationBlock"><h3>Stage 3 cost</h3><div>${escapeHtml(cost.cost)} × ${escapeHtml(cost.multiplier)}${cost.detail ? ` · ${escapeHtml(cost.detail)}` : ''}</div></div>`
-    : '';
-
-  detailSection.innerHTML = `
-    <h2>Selected node</h2>
-    <span class="chip" style="color:${catColors.border}; background:${catColors.bg}">${escapeHtml(chipLabel)}</span>
-    <div style="font-weight:650; margin:0.3rem 0 0.4rem">${escapeHtml(node.label)}</div>
-    ${rootHtml}
-    ${costHtml}
-    <h3 class="detailSubhead">IR node content</h3>
-    <pre>${escapeHtml(JSON.stringify(node.detail, null, 2))}</pre>
-  `;
-}
-
-// ── Shared rendering bits ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function renderSourcePanel(qs) {
-  const sourceBox = document.getElementById('sourceBox');
-  renderTableSchemas(qs);
-  if (qs.length === 0) {
-    sourceBox.textContent = 'Select queries above.';
-    sourceBox.classList.add('placeholder');
-    return;
-  }
-  if (qs.length === 1) {
-    const q = qs[0];
-    if (q.source) {
-      sourceBox.textContent = q.source;
-      sourceBox.classList.remove('placeholder');
-    } else {
-      sourceBox.textContent = 'No source text in this document.';
-      sourceBox.classList.add('placeholder');
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-  const blocks = qs.map((q) => `— ${q.name} —\n${q.source || '(no source text in this document)'}`);
-  sourceBox.textContent = blocks.join('\n\n');
-  sourceBox.classList.remove('placeholder');
-}
-
-function renderTableSchemas(qs) {
-  const box = document.getElementById('tableSchemaBox');
-  const schemas = new Map();
-  qs.forEach((query) => {
-    (query.dag?.nodes || []).filter((node) => node.kind === 'Scan').forEach((node) => {
-      const key = JSON.stringify([node.detail, node.schema]);
-      if (!schemas.has(key)) schemas.set(key, { node, owners: [] });
-      schemas.get(key).owners.push(query.name);
-    });
-  });
-  const blocks = Array.from(schemas.values()).map(({ node, owners }) =>
-    `${node.label}\nUsed by: ${owners.join(', ')}\n${formatSchema(node.schema) || '(schema unavailable)'}`);
-  box.textContent = blocks.join('\n\n') || 'No bound Scan schema in the selected queries.';
-  box.classList.toggle('placeholder', blocks.length === 0);
-}
-
-function applyHighlighting() {
-  if (!cy) return;
-  const selected = getParticipants().map((i) => queries[i]);
-  const ownersFor = (dagOf) => {
-    const owners = new Map();
-    selected.forEach((query) => {
-      const seen = new Set();
-      const dag = dagOf(query);
-      (dag ? dag.nodes : []).forEach((node) => {
-        const id = node.workload_node_id;
-        if (id === undefined || seen.has(id)) return;
-        seen.add(id);
-        if (!owners.has(id)) owners.set(id, new Set());
-        owners.get(id).add(query.name);
-      });
-    });
-    return owners;
-  };
-  const preOwners = ownersFor((query) => query.dag);
-  const postOwners = ownersFor((query) => query.post_dag);
-  cy.nodes().forEach((element) => {
-    if (element.data('isLane')) return;
-    const node = element.data('node');
-    const owners = element.data('stage') === 'post' ? postOwners : preOwners;
-    const sharedWith = node && owners.get(node.workload_node_id);
-    element.toggleClass('shared', !!(highlightOn && sharedWith && sharedWith.size > 1));
-  });
-}
-
-function clearDetail() {
-  detailSection.innerHTML = '<h2>Selected node</h2><div class="placeholder">Click a node to inspect it.</div>';
-}
-
-function renderLegend() {
-  const legendList = document.getElementById('legendList');
-  const rows = Object.entries(CATEGORIES).map(([name, cat]) => {
-    const c = categoryColors(name);
-    return `<div class="leg"><span class="swatch" style="background:${c.bg}; border-color:${c.border}"></span>
-      <span><span class="swatchLabel">${escapeHtml(cat.label)}</span><span class="swatchDesc">${escapeHtml(cat.description)}</span></span></div>`;
-  });
-  const ringColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--accent').trim() || '#2563eb';
-  const rootColor = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--cat-output-border').trim() || '#b42318';
-  rows.push(`<div class="leg"><span class="swatch ring" style="border-color:${ringColor}"></span>
-    <span><span class="swatchLabel">Shared workload node</span><span class="swatchDesc">One stage DAG node shared by the selected queries</span></span></div>`);
-  rows.push(`<div class="leg"><span class="swatch ring" style="border-color:${rootColor}"></span>
-    <span><span class="swatchLabel">Query root</span><span class="swatchDesc">${escapeHtml(ROOT_BADGE.description)}</span></span></div>`);
-  legendList.innerHTML = rows.join('');
-}
-
-function escapeHtml(s) {
-  return String(s)
-    .replace(/&/g, '&amp;')
-    .replace(/</g, '&lt;')
-    .replace(/>/g, '&gt;');
-}
-
-function applyZoom() {
-  if (!cy) return;
-  cy.zoom(zoom);
-  cy.center();
-  zoomSlider.value = Math.round(zoom * 100);
-  zoomLabel.textContent = Math.round(zoom * 100) + '%';
-}
-
-document.getElementById('zoomSlider').addEventListener('input', (e) => { zoom = Number(e.target.value) / 100; applyZoom(); });
-document.getElementById('zoomOutBtn').addEventListener('click', () => { zoom = Math.max(0.25, zoom - 0.1); applyZoom(); });
-document.getElementById('zoomInBtn').addEventListener('click', () => { zoom = Math.min(2.5, zoom + 0.1); applyZoom(); });
-document.getElementById('fitBtn').addEventListener('click', () => { if (cy) { cy.fit(undefined, 30); zoom = cy.zoom(); zoomSlider.value = Math.round(zoom * 100); zoomLabel.textContent = Math.round(zoom * 100) + '%'; } });
-document.getElementById('resetBtn').addEventListener('click', () => { zoom = 1; applyZoom(); });
-
-// Show `doc` (an asap-stage-pipeline/v1 document), replacing what is
-// loaded, with every query selected. Used by file loads, planner-ui.js and
-// the startup load below.
-function showDocument(doc) {
-  stageDocument = doc;
-  queries = stageWorkload(doc).queries;
-  activeIndex = queries.length ? 0 : -1;
-  participants = new Set(queries.map((_, index) => index));
-  render();
-}
-window.renderPlannerWorkload = showDocument;
-
-// render.py's standalone page embeds the document as a
-// <script type="application/json"> tag: a `file://` page can't fetch a
-// sibling file in most browsers.
-const embeddedEl = document.getElementById('embedded-workload');
-if (embeddedEl) {
-  try {
-    showDocument(JSON.parse(embeddedEl.textContent));
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.error('tools/dag-viewer: failed to parse the embedded document', err);
-    render();
-  }
-} else {
-  // Plain index.html starts with the committed example document.
-  fetch('/api/example', { cache: 'no-store' })
-    .then((r) => (r.ok ? r.json() : fetch('dag.example.json', { cache: 'no-store' }).then((fallback) => fallback.json())))
-    .then(showDocument)
-    .catch(() => render());
-}